Deletion of the <i>SKO1</i> Gene in a <i>hog1</i> Mutant Reverts Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i>
<i>Candida albicans</i> displays the ability to adapt to a wide variety of environmental conditions, triggering signaling pathways and transcriptional regulation. Sko1 is a transcription factor that was previously involved in early hypoxic response, cell wall remodeling, and stress respo...
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MDPI AG
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/5/4/107 |
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| author | Verónica Urrialde Daniel Prieto Susana Hidalgo-Vico Elvira Román Jesús Pla Rebeca Alonso-Monge |
| author_facet | Verónica Urrialde Daniel Prieto Susana Hidalgo-Vico Elvira Román Jesús Pla Rebeca Alonso-Monge |
| author_sort | Verónica Urrialde |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Candida albicans</i> displays the ability to adapt to a wide variety of environmental conditions, triggering signaling pathways and transcriptional regulation. Sko1 is a transcription factor that was previously involved in early hypoxic response, cell wall remodeling, and stress response. In the present work, the role of <i>sko1</i> mutant in <i>in viv</i>o and <i>ex vivo</i> studies was explored. The <i>sko1</i> mutant behaved as its parental wild type strain regarding the ability to colonize murine intestinal tract, <i>ex vivo</i> adhesion to murine gut epithelium, or systemic virulence. These observations suggest that Sko1 is expendable during commensalism or pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the study of the <i>hog1 sko1</i> double mutant showed unexpected phenotypes. Previous researches reported that the deletion of the <i>HOG1</i> gene led to avirulent <i>C. albicans</i> mutant cell, which was, therefore, unable to establish as a commensal in a gastrointestinal murine model. Here, we show that the deletion of <i>sko1</i> in a <i>hog1</i> background reverted the virulence of the <i>hog1</i> mutant in a systemic infection model in <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae and slightly improved the ability to colonize the murine gut in a commensalism animal model compared to the <i>hog1</i> mutant. These results indicate that Sko1 acts as a repressor of virulence related genes, concluding that Sko1 plays a relevant role during commensalism and systemic infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T12:37:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c198c3979a5740b4afa99adc2d6bf861 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T12:37:25Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-c198c3979a5740b4afa99adc2d6bf8612022-12-22T01:07:06ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2019-11-015410710.3390/jof5040107jof5040107Deletion of the <i>SKO1</i> Gene in a <i>hog1</i> Mutant Reverts Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i>Verónica Urrialde0Daniel Prieto1Susana Hidalgo-Vico2Elvira Román3Jesús Pla4Rebeca Alonso-Monge5Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain<i>Candida albicans</i> displays the ability to adapt to a wide variety of environmental conditions, triggering signaling pathways and transcriptional regulation. Sko1 is a transcription factor that was previously involved in early hypoxic response, cell wall remodeling, and stress response. In the present work, the role of <i>sko1</i> mutant in <i>in viv</i>o and <i>ex vivo</i> studies was explored. The <i>sko1</i> mutant behaved as its parental wild type strain regarding the ability to colonize murine intestinal tract, <i>ex vivo</i> adhesion to murine gut epithelium, or systemic virulence. These observations suggest that Sko1 is expendable during commensalism or pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the study of the <i>hog1 sko1</i> double mutant showed unexpected phenotypes. Previous researches reported that the deletion of the <i>HOG1</i> gene led to avirulent <i>C. albicans</i> mutant cell, which was, therefore, unable to establish as a commensal in a gastrointestinal murine model. Here, we show that the deletion of <i>sko1</i> in a <i>hog1</i> background reverted the virulence of the <i>hog1</i> mutant in a systemic infection model in <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae and slightly improved the ability to colonize the murine gut in a commensalism animal model compared to the <i>hog1</i> mutant. These results indicate that Sko1 acts as a repressor of virulence related genes, concluding that Sko1 plays a relevant role during commensalism and systemic infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/5/4/107<i>candida albicans</i>virulencestress responsetranscription factorcommensalism |
| spellingShingle | Verónica Urrialde Daniel Prieto Susana Hidalgo-Vico Elvira Román Jesús Pla Rebeca Alonso-Monge Deletion of the <i>SKO1</i> Gene in a <i>hog1</i> Mutant Reverts Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i> Journal of Fungi <i>candida albicans</i> virulence stress response transcription factor commensalism |
| title | Deletion of the <i>SKO1</i> Gene in a <i>hog1</i> Mutant Reverts Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_full | Deletion of the <i>SKO1</i> Gene in a <i>hog1</i> Mutant Reverts Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_fullStr | Deletion of the <i>SKO1</i> Gene in a <i>hog1</i> Mutant Reverts Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deletion of the <i>SKO1</i> Gene in a <i>hog1</i> Mutant Reverts Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_short | Deletion of the <i>SKO1</i> Gene in a <i>hog1</i> Mutant Reverts Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_sort | deletion of the i sko1 i gene in a i hog1 i mutant reverts virulence in i candida albicans i |
| topic | <i>candida albicans</i> virulence stress response transcription factor commensalism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/5/4/107 |
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