Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood
Medicine often employs the 4Ps of predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors to identify salient influences on illness states, and to help guide patient care. Mental illness is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mental health is a complex combination of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1339269/full |
| _version_ | 1797277179275378688 |
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| author | Michael Warren Colleen O’Connor Ju Eun Lee Jeremy Burton David Walton Justine Keathley Michael Wammes Elizabeth Osuch Elizabeth Osuch Elizabeth Osuch |
| author_facet | Michael Warren Colleen O’Connor Ju Eun Lee Jeremy Burton David Walton Justine Keathley Michael Wammes Elizabeth Osuch Elizabeth Osuch Elizabeth Osuch |
| author_sort | Michael Warren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Medicine often employs the 4Ps of predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors to identify salient influences on illness states, and to help guide patient care. Mental illness is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mental health is a complex combination of biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors. There is growing interest in the gut-brain-microbiome (GBM) axis and its impact on mental health. We use the medical model of the 4Ps to explore factors involving the connection between nutrition and the GBM axis and their associated risks with mental health problems in emerging adults (EAs), a life stage when mental illness onset is the most common. We review the impact of current dietary trends on the GBM and on mental health, and the role that gut microbiome-based interventions can have in modulating the GBM axis of EAs. We discuss the implications of gut health on the GBM and areas for clinical intervention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:44:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c1b2d4306d314014bdd63d32fe3aeb1c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:44:51Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-c1b2d4306d314014bdd63d32fe3aeb1c2024-03-05T05:06:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2024-03-011110.3389/fnut.2024.13392691339269Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthoodMichael Warren0Colleen O’Connor1Ju Eun Lee2Jeremy Burton3David Walton4Justine Keathley5Michael Wammes6Elizabeth Osuch7Elizabeth Osuch8Elizabeth Osuch9Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaSchool of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, London, ON, CanadaGeriatrics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, CanadaSchool of Physical Therapy, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, CanadaDepartment of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaLondon Health Sciences Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, CanadaFirst Episode Mood and Anxiety Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, CanadaMedicine often employs the 4Ps of predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors to identify salient influences on illness states, and to help guide patient care. Mental illness is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mental health is a complex combination of biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors. There is growing interest in the gut-brain-microbiome (GBM) axis and its impact on mental health. We use the medical model of the 4Ps to explore factors involving the connection between nutrition and the GBM axis and their associated risks with mental health problems in emerging adults (EAs), a life stage when mental illness onset is the most common. We review the impact of current dietary trends on the GBM and on mental health, and the role that gut microbiome-based interventions can have in modulating the GBM axis of EAs. We discuss the implications of gut health on the GBM and areas for clinical intervention.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1339269/fullgut-brain microbiome axispsychiatrynutritionclinical formulationpreventive psychiatryemerging adult |
| spellingShingle | Michael Warren Colleen O’Connor Ju Eun Lee Jeremy Burton David Walton Justine Keathley Michael Wammes Elizabeth Osuch Elizabeth Osuch Elizabeth Osuch Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood Frontiers in Nutrition gut-brain microbiome axis psychiatry nutrition clinical formulation preventive psychiatry emerging adult |
| title | Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood |
| title_full | Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood |
| title_fullStr | Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood |
| title_full_unstemmed | Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood |
| title_short | Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood |
| title_sort | predispose precipitate perpetuate and protect how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood |
| topic | gut-brain microbiome axis psychiatry nutrition clinical formulation preventive psychiatry emerging adult |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1339269/full |
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