Phenotypic Variation during Biofilm Formation: Implications for Anti-Biofilm Therapeutic Design
Various bacterial species cycle between growth phases and biofilm formation, of which the latter facilitates persistence in inhospitable environments. These phases can be generally characterized by one or more cellular phenotype(s), each with distinct virulence factor functionality. In addition, a v...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/11/7/1086 |
| _version_ | 1811323599321038848 |
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| author | Marie Beitelshees Andrew Hill Charles H. Jones Blaine A. Pfeifer |
| author_facet | Marie Beitelshees Andrew Hill Charles H. Jones Blaine A. Pfeifer |
| author_sort | Marie Beitelshees |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Various bacterial species cycle between growth phases and biofilm formation, of which the latter facilitates persistence in inhospitable environments. These phases can be generally characterized by one or more cellular phenotype(s), each with distinct virulence factor functionality. In addition, a variety of phenotypes can often be observed within the phases themselves, which can be dependent on host conditions or the presence of nutrient and oxygen gradients within the biofilm itself (i.e., microenvironments). Currently, most anti-biofilm strategies have targeted a single phenotype; this approach has driven effective, yet incomplete, protection due to the lack of consideration of gene expression dynamics throughout the bacteria’s pathogenesis. As such, this article provides an overview of the distinct phenotypes found within each biofilm development phase and demonstrates the unique anti-biofilm solutions each phase offers. However, we conclude that a combinatorial approach must be taken to provide complete protection against biofilm forming bacterial and their resulting diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:58:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c1c8aa2434754eaebf8d94885c7e5e7c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:58:58Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-c1c8aa2434754eaebf8d94885c7e5e7c2022-12-22T02:44:07ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442018-06-01117108610.3390/ma11071086ma11071086Phenotypic Variation during Biofilm Formation: Implications for Anti-Biofilm Therapeutic DesignMarie Beitelshees0Andrew Hill1Charles H. Jones2Blaine A. Pfeifer3Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USADepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USAAbcombi Biosciences Inc., 1576 Sweet Home Road, Amherst, NY 14228, USADepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USAVarious bacterial species cycle between growth phases and biofilm formation, of which the latter facilitates persistence in inhospitable environments. These phases can be generally characterized by one or more cellular phenotype(s), each with distinct virulence factor functionality. In addition, a variety of phenotypes can often be observed within the phases themselves, which can be dependent on host conditions or the presence of nutrient and oxygen gradients within the biofilm itself (i.e., microenvironments). Currently, most anti-biofilm strategies have targeted a single phenotype; this approach has driven effective, yet incomplete, protection due to the lack of consideration of gene expression dynamics throughout the bacteria’s pathogenesis. As such, this article provides an overview of the distinct phenotypes found within each biofilm development phase and demonstrates the unique anti-biofilm solutions each phase offers. However, we conclude that a combinatorial approach must be taken to provide complete protection against biofilm forming bacterial and their resulting diseases.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/11/7/1086bacterial biofilmscommensal bacteriabacterial phenotypesanti-biofilm strategiesanti-adhesiondispersion |
| spellingShingle | Marie Beitelshees Andrew Hill Charles H. Jones Blaine A. Pfeifer Phenotypic Variation during Biofilm Formation: Implications for Anti-Biofilm Therapeutic Design Materials bacterial biofilms commensal bacteria bacterial phenotypes anti-biofilm strategies anti-adhesion dispersion |
| title | Phenotypic Variation during Biofilm Formation: Implications for Anti-Biofilm Therapeutic Design |
| title_full | Phenotypic Variation during Biofilm Formation: Implications for Anti-Biofilm Therapeutic Design |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypic Variation during Biofilm Formation: Implications for Anti-Biofilm Therapeutic Design |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypic Variation during Biofilm Formation: Implications for Anti-Biofilm Therapeutic Design |
| title_short | Phenotypic Variation during Biofilm Formation: Implications for Anti-Biofilm Therapeutic Design |
| title_sort | phenotypic variation during biofilm formation implications for anti biofilm therapeutic design |
| topic | bacterial biofilms commensal bacteria bacterial phenotypes anti-biofilm strategies anti-adhesion dispersion |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/11/7/1086 |
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