Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork
Abstract With the recent proliferation of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models capable of mimicking human artworks, AI creations might soon replace products of human creativity, although skeptics argue that this outcome is unlikely. One possible reason this may be unlikely is that, independe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Cognitive Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-023-00499-6 |
| _version_ | 1827905699665936384 |
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| author | Lucas Bellaiche Rohin Shahi Martin Harry Turpin Anya Ragnhildstveit Shawn Sprockett Nathaniel Barr Alexander Christensen Paul Seli |
| author_facet | Lucas Bellaiche Rohin Shahi Martin Harry Turpin Anya Ragnhildstveit Shawn Sprockett Nathaniel Barr Alexander Christensen Paul Seli |
| author_sort | Lucas Bellaiche |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract With the recent proliferation of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models capable of mimicking human artworks, AI creations might soon replace products of human creativity, although skeptics argue that this outcome is unlikely. One possible reason this may be unlikely is that, independent of the physical properties of art, we place great value on the imbuement of the human experience in art. An interesting question, then, is whether and why people might prefer human-compared to AI-created artworks. To explore these questions, we manipulated the purported creator of pieces of art by randomly assigning a “Human-created” or “AI-created” label to paintings actually created by AI, and then assessed participants’ judgements of the artworks across four rating criteria (Liking, Beauty, Profundity, and Worth). Study 1 found increased positive judgements for human- compared to AI-labelled art across all criteria. Study 2 aimed to replicate and extend Study 1 with additional ratings (Emotion, Story, Meaningful, Effort, and Time to create) intended to elucidate why people more-positively appraise Human-labelled artworks. The main findings from Study 1 were replicated, with narrativity (Story) and perceived effort behind artworks (Effort) moderating the label effects (“Human-created” vs. “AI-created”), but only for the sensory-level judgements (Liking, Beauty). Positive personal attitudes toward AI moderated label effects for more-communicative judgements (Profundity, Worth). These studies demonstrate that people tend to be negatively biased against AI-created artworks relative to purportedly human-created artwork, and suggest that knowledge of human engagement in the artistic process contributes positively to appraisals of art. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:45:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c1d43cd30fa3485689a0517e0aa5effe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2365-7464 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:45:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cognitive Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-c1d43cd30fa3485689a0517e0aa5effe2023-07-09T11:03:23ZengSpringerOpenCognitive Research2365-74642023-07-018112210.1186/s41235-023-00499-6Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artworkLucas Bellaiche0Rohin Shahi1Martin Harry Turpin2Anya Ragnhildstveit3Shawn Sprockett4Nathaniel Barr5Alexander Christensen6Paul Seli7Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke UniversityDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke UniversityDepartment of Psychology, University of WaterlooDepartment of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeMDes in Interaction Design Program, California College of the ArtsSchool of Humanities and Creativity, Sheridan CollegePsychology and Human Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt UniversityDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke UniversityAbstract With the recent proliferation of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models capable of mimicking human artworks, AI creations might soon replace products of human creativity, although skeptics argue that this outcome is unlikely. One possible reason this may be unlikely is that, independent of the physical properties of art, we place great value on the imbuement of the human experience in art. An interesting question, then, is whether and why people might prefer human-compared to AI-created artworks. To explore these questions, we manipulated the purported creator of pieces of art by randomly assigning a “Human-created” or “AI-created” label to paintings actually created by AI, and then assessed participants’ judgements of the artworks across four rating criteria (Liking, Beauty, Profundity, and Worth). Study 1 found increased positive judgements for human- compared to AI-labelled art across all criteria. Study 2 aimed to replicate and extend Study 1 with additional ratings (Emotion, Story, Meaningful, Effort, and Time to create) intended to elucidate why people more-positively appraise Human-labelled artworks. The main findings from Study 1 were replicated, with narrativity (Story) and perceived effort behind artworks (Effort) moderating the label effects (“Human-created” vs. “AI-created”), but only for the sensory-level judgements (Liking, Beauty). Positive personal attitudes toward AI moderated label effects for more-communicative judgements (Profundity, Worth). These studies demonstrate that people tend to be negatively biased against AI-created artworks relative to purportedly human-created artwork, and suggest that knowledge of human engagement in the artistic process contributes positively to appraisals of art.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-023-00499-6AestheticsArtificial intelligenceVisual artCreativityJudgements |
| spellingShingle | Lucas Bellaiche Rohin Shahi Martin Harry Turpin Anya Ragnhildstveit Shawn Sprockett Nathaniel Barr Alexander Christensen Paul Seli Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork Cognitive Research Aesthetics Artificial intelligence Visual art Creativity Judgements |
| title | Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork |
| title_full | Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork |
| title_fullStr | Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork |
| title_full_unstemmed | Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork |
| title_short | Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork |
| title_sort | humans versus ai whether and why we prefer human created compared to ai created artwork |
| topic | Aesthetics Artificial intelligence Visual art Creativity Judgements |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-023-00499-6 |
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