Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines
IntroductionInformation on the magnitude and durability of humoral immunity against COVID-19 among specific populations can guide policies on vaccination, return from isolation and physical distancing measures. The study determined the durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after an initial infection a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190093/full |
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| author | Ma. Liza Antoinette M. Gonzales Leonila F. Dans Leonila F. Dans Carol Stephanie C. Tan-Lim Elenore Uy Eva Cutiongco-dela Paz Maria Vanessa V. Sulit Marissa M. Alejandria Mary Ann D. Lansang Antonio L. Dans Melissa A. Dator Cynthia P. Cordero Gina F. Pardilla |
| author_facet | Ma. Liza Antoinette M. Gonzales Leonila F. Dans Leonila F. Dans Carol Stephanie C. Tan-Lim Elenore Uy Eva Cutiongco-dela Paz Maria Vanessa V. Sulit Marissa M. Alejandria Mary Ann D. Lansang Antonio L. Dans Melissa A. Dator Cynthia P. Cordero Gina F. Pardilla |
| author_sort | Ma. Liza Antoinette M. Gonzales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionInformation on the magnitude and durability of humoral immunity against COVID-19 among specific populations can guide policies on vaccination, return from isolation and physical distancing measures. The study determined the durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after an initial infection among Filipinos in Metro Manila, Philippines, and the extent of protection SARS-CoV-2 antibodies confer against reinfection.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study to monitor the antibody levels of patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies were measured at Days 21, 90, 180, 270 and 360. Antibody levels were reported as geometric mean titers (GMT) with geometric standard deviation (GSD). Differences in GMT were tested using Friedman test and Kruskal Wallis test, with Bonferroni multiple comparisons procedure. Adjusted hazard ratios on the development of probable reinfection were estimated using Cox proportional models.ResultsThere were 307 study participants included in the study, with 13 dropouts. Study participants received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines at varying times, with 278 participants (90.5%) fully vaccinated by the end of study. The GMT of the study cohort increased over time, from 19.7 U/mL (GSD 11) at Day 21; to 284.5 U/mL (GSD 9.6) at Day 90; 1,061 U/mL (GSD 5.3) at Day 180; 2,003 U/mL (GSD 6.7) at Day 270; and 8,403 U/mL (GSD 3.1) at Day 360. The increase was statistically significant from Day 21 to Day 90 (p<0.0001), Day 90 to Day 180 (p=0.0005), and Day 270 to Day 360 (p<0.0001). Participants with more severe initial infection demonstrated significantly higher antibody levels compared to those with milder infection at Day 21. Sixty-four patients had probable COVID-19 reinfection (incidence of 20.8%, 95% CI 16.4, 25.8%). The GMT of these 64 patients was 411.8 U/mL (GSD 6.9) prior to the occurrence of the probable reinfection. Majority (87.5%) were fully vaccinated. Antibody titers significantly affected the risk of developing reinfection, with adjusted hazard ratio of 0.994, 95% CI 0.992-0.996, p<0.001.ConclusionAntibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 increased over a one-year follow-up. Higher antibody levels were observed among those with more severe initial infection and those vaccinated. Higher antibody levels are associated with a lower risk of probable reinfection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:46:44Z |
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| id | doaj.art-c202b8e32e6442bfbc9b434a7ebd11a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:46:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c202b8e32e6442bfbc9b434a7ebd11a22023-06-28T17:06:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-06-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11900931190093Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, PhilippinesMa. Liza Antoinette M. Gonzales0Leonila F. Dans1Leonila F. Dans2Carol Stephanie C. Tan-Lim3Elenore Uy4Eva Cutiongco-dela Paz5Maria Vanessa V. Sulit6Marissa M. Alejandria7Mary Ann D. Lansang8Antonio L. Dans9Melissa A. Dator10Cynthia P. Cordero11Gina F. Pardilla12Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesAsia-Pacific Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Manila, PhilippinesInstitute of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesInstitute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesCollege of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PhilippinesManila Health Department Delpan Evacuation Center Quarantine Facility, Manila, PhilippinesIntroductionInformation on the magnitude and durability of humoral immunity against COVID-19 among specific populations can guide policies on vaccination, return from isolation and physical distancing measures. The study determined the durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after an initial infection among Filipinos in Metro Manila, Philippines, and the extent of protection SARS-CoV-2 antibodies confer against reinfection.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study to monitor the antibody levels of patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies were measured at Days 21, 90, 180, 270 and 360. Antibody levels were reported as geometric mean titers (GMT) with geometric standard deviation (GSD). Differences in GMT were tested using Friedman test and Kruskal Wallis test, with Bonferroni multiple comparisons procedure. Adjusted hazard ratios on the development of probable reinfection were estimated using Cox proportional models.ResultsThere were 307 study participants included in the study, with 13 dropouts. Study participants received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines at varying times, with 278 participants (90.5%) fully vaccinated by the end of study. The GMT of the study cohort increased over time, from 19.7 U/mL (GSD 11) at Day 21; to 284.5 U/mL (GSD 9.6) at Day 90; 1,061 U/mL (GSD 5.3) at Day 180; 2,003 U/mL (GSD 6.7) at Day 270; and 8,403 U/mL (GSD 3.1) at Day 360. The increase was statistically significant from Day 21 to Day 90 (p<0.0001), Day 90 to Day 180 (p=0.0005), and Day 270 to Day 360 (p<0.0001). Participants with more severe initial infection demonstrated significantly higher antibody levels compared to those with milder infection at Day 21. Sixty-four patients had probable COVID-19 reinfection (incidence of 20.8%, 95% CI 16.4, 25.8%). The GMT of these 64 patients was 411.8 U/mL (GSD 6.9) prior to the occurrence of the probable reinfection. Majority (87.5%) were fully vaccinated. Antibody titers significantly affected the risk of developing reinfection, with adjusted hazard ratio of 0.994, 95% CI 0.992-0.996, p<0.001.ConclusionAntibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 increased over a one-year follow-up. Higher antibody levels were observed among those with more severe initial infection and those vaccinated. Higher antibody levels are associated with a lower risk of probable reinfection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190093/fullantibodyhumoral responseSARS-CoV-2COVID-19reinfection |
| spellingShingle | Ma. Liza Antoinette M. Gonzales Leonila F. Dans Leonila F. Dans Carol Stephanie C. Tan-Lim Elenore Uy Eva Cutiongco-dela Paz Maria Vanessa V. Sulit Marissa M. Alejandria Mary Ann D. Lansang Antonio L. Dans Melissa A. Dator Cynthia P. Cordero Gina F. Pardilla Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines Frontiers in Immunology antibody humoral response SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 reinfection |
| title | Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines |
| title_full | Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines |
| title_fullStr | Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines |
| title_short | Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines |
| title_sort | durability and extent of protection of sars cov 2 antibodies among patients with covid 19 in metro manila philippines |
| topic | antibody humoral response SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 reinfection |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190093/full |
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