Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realm
<p>The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall is the lifeline for people living on the Indian subcontinent today and was possibly the driver of the rise and fall of early agricultural societies in the past. The intensity and position of the ISM have shifted in response to orbitally forced therma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Climate of the Past |
| Online Access: | https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/17/1735/2021/cp-17-1735-2021.pdf |
| _version_ | 1831761479433453568 |
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| author | N. Burdanowitz T. Rixen T. Rixen B. Gaye K.-C. Emeis K.-C. Emeis |
| author_facet | N. Burdanowitz T. Rixen T. Rixen B. Gaye K.-C. Emeis K.-C. Emeis |
| author_sort | N. Burdanowitz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall is the
lifeline for people living on the Indian subcontinent today and was possibly
the driver of the rise and fall of early agricultural societies in the past.
The intensity and position of the ISM have shifted in response to orbitally
forced thermal land–ocean contrasts. At the northwestern monsoon margins,
interactions between the subtropical westerly jet (STWJ) and the ISM
constitute a tipping element in the Earth's climate system because their
non-linear interaction may be a first-order influence on rainfall. We
reconstructed marine sea surface temperature (SST), supply of terrestrial
material and vegetation changes from a very well-dated sediment core from
the northern Arabian Sea to reconstruct the STWJ–ISM interaction. The
Holocene record (from 11 000 years) shows a distinct, but gradual, southward
displacement of the ISM in the Early to Mid-Holocene, increasingly
punctuated by phases of intensified STWJ events that are coeval with
interruptions of North Atlantic overturning circulation (Bond events).
The effects of the non-linear interactions culminate between 4.6 and 3 ka BP,
marking a climatic transition period during which the ISM shifted southwards
and the influence of STWJ became prominent. The lithogenic matter input
shows an up to 4-fold increase after this time period, probably related to
the strengthened influence of agricultural activities of the Indus
civilization, with enhanced erosion of soils. This anthropogenic land-use
change is amplifying the impact of Bond events and adding to the marine
sedimentation rates adjacent to the continent.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T04:49:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c203159c045141c3b6b26749cbfe7d6a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1814-9324 1814-9332 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T04:49:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Climate of the Past |
| spelling | doaj.art-c203159c045141c3b6b26749cbfe7d6a2022-12-21T18:38:32ZengCopernicus PublicationsClimate of the Past1814-93241814-93322021-08-01171735174910.5194/cp-17-1735-2021Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realmN. Burdanowitz0T. Rixen1T. Rixen2B. Gaye3K.-C. Emeis4K.-C. Emeis5Institute for Geology, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, GermanyInstitute for Geology, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, GermanyLeibniz-Zentrum für Marine Tropenforschung (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, GermanyInstitute for Geology, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, GermanyInstitute for Geology, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz Center Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany<p>The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall is the lifeline for people living on the Indian subcontinent today and was possibly the driver of the rise and fall of early agricultural societies in the past. The intensity and position of the ISM have shifted in response to orbitally forced thermal land–ocean contrasts. At the northwestern monsoon margins, interactions between the subtropical westerly jet (STWJ) and the ISM constitute a tipping element in the Earth's climate system because their non-linear interaction may be a first-order influence on rainfall. We reconstructed marine sea surface temperature (SST), supply of terrestrial material and vegetation changes from a very well-dated sediment core from the northern Arabian Sea to reconstruct the STWJ–ISM interaction. The Holocene record (from 11 000 years) shows a distinct, but gradual, southward displacement of the ISM in the Early to Mid-Holocene, increasingly punctuated by phases of intensified STWJ events that are coeval with interruptions of North Atlantic overturning circulation (Bond events). The effects of the non-linear interactions culminate between 4.6 and 3 ka BP, marking a climatic transition period during which the ISM shifted southwards and the influence of STWJ became prominent. The lithogenic matter input shows an up to 4-fold increase after this time period, probably related to the strengthened influence of agricultural activities of the Indus civilization, with enhanced erosion of soils. This anthropogenic land-use change is amplifying the impact of Bond events and adding to the marine sedimentation rates adjacent to the continent.</p>https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/17/1735/2021/cp-17-1735-2021.pdf |
| spellingShingle | N. Burdanowitz T. Rixen T. Rixen B. Gaye K.-C. Emeis K.-C. Emeis Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realm Climate of the Past |
| title | Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realm |
| title_full | Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realm |
| title_fullStr | Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realm |
| title_short | Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realm |
| title_sort | signals of holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land use changes in the westerly indian monsoon realm |
| url | https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/17/1735/2021/cp-17-1735-2021.pdf |
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