Repeat Size Determination by Two Molecular Rulers in the Type I-E CRISPR Array
Prokaryotic adaptive immune systems are composed of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins. These systems adapt to new threats by integrating short nucleic acids, termed spacers, into the CRISPR array. The functional motifs in the repe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2016-09-01
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| Series: | Cell Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221112471631107X |
| _version_ | 1819181326538899456 |
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| author | Moran G. Goren Shany Doron Rea Globus Gil Amitai Rotem Sorek Udi Qimron |
| author_facet | Moran G. Goren Shany Doron Rea Globus Gil Amitai Rotem Sorek Udi Qimron |
| author_sort | Moran G. Goren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Prokaryotic adaptive immune systems are composed of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins. These systems adapt to new threats by integrating short nucleic acids, termed spacers, into the CRISPR array. The functional motifs in the repeat and the mechanism by which a constant repeat size is maintained are still elusive. Here, through a series of mutations within the repeat of the CRISPR-Cas type I-E, we identify motifs that are crucial for adaptation and show that they serve as anchor sites for two molecular rulers determining the size of the new repeat. Adaptation products from various repeat mutants support a model in which two motifs in the repeat bind to two different sites in the adaptation complex that are 8 and 16 bp away from the active site. This model significantly extends our understanding of the adaptation process and broadens the scope of its applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T22:28:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c2129a40683a450e86436dc511af9c36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-1247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T22:28:27Z |
| publishDate | 2016-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cell Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-c2129a40683a450e86436dc511af9c362022-12-21T18:10:30ZengElsevierCell Reports2211-12472016-09-0116112811281810.1016/j.celrep.2016.08.043Repeat Size Determination by Two Molecular Rulers in the Type I-E CRISPR ArrayMoran G. Goren0Shany Doron1Rea Globus2Gil Amitai3Rotem Sorek4Udi Qimron5Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, IsraelDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, IsraelDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, IsraelDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, IsraelProkaryotic adaptive immune systems are composed of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins. These systems adapt to new threats by integrating short nucleic acids, termed spacers, into the CRISPR array. The functional motifs in the repeat and the mechanism by which a constant repeat size is maintained are still elusive. Here, through a series of mutations within the repeat of the CRISPR-Cas type I-E, we identify motifs that are crucial for adaptation and show that they serve as anchor sites for two molecular rulers determining the size of the new repeat. Adaptation products from various repeat mutants support a model in which two motifs in the repeat bind to two different sites in the adaptation complex that are 8 and 16 bp away from the active site. This model significantly extends our understanding of the adaptation process and broadens the scope of its applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221112471631107Xadaptationspacer integrationelongated repeatshortened repeatanchor site |
| spellingShingle | Moran G. Goren Shany Doron Rea Globus Gil Amitai Rotem Sorek Udi Qimron Repeat Size Determination by Two Molecular Rulers in the Type I-E CRISPR Array Cell Reports adaptation spacer integration elongated repeat shortened repeat anchor site |
| title | Repeat Size Determination by Two Molecular Rulers in the Type I-E CRISPR Array |
| title_full | Repeat Size Determination by Two Molecular Rulers in the Type I-E CRISPR Array |
| title_fullStr | Repeat Size Determination by Two Molecular Rulers in the Type I-E CRISPR Array |
| title_full_unstemmed | Repeat Size Determination by Two Molecular Rulers in the Type I-E CRISPR Array |
| title_short | Repeat Size Determination by Two Molecular Rulers in the Type I-E CRISPR Array |
| title_sort | repeat size determination by two molecular rulers in the type i e crispr array |
| topic | adaptation spacer integration elongated repeat shortened repeat anchor site |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221112471631107X |
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