Ultra-portable, smartphone-based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples
Abstract Heavy metals are very toxic and hazardous for human health. Onsite screening of heavy metal contaminated samples along with location-based automation data collection is a tedious job. Traditionally high-end equipment’s such as gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC–MS) and atomic absorpti...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Water Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01519-w |
| _version_ | 1818732158580162560 |
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| author | Satyam Srivastava Vinay Sharma |
| author_facet | Satyam Srivastava Vinay Sharma |
| author_sort | Satyam Srivastava |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Heavy metals are very toxic and hazardous for human health. Onsite screening of heavy metal contaminated samples along with location-based automation data collection is a tedious job. Traditionally high-end equipment’s such as gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC–MS) and atomic absorption spectrometers have been used to measure the concentration of different heavy metals in water samples but most of them are costly, bulky, and time consuming, and requires expert human intervention. This manuscript reports an ultra-portable, rapid, cost-effective, and easy-to-use solution for onsite heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples. Presented solution combines off-the-shelf available chemical kits for heavy metal detection and developed spectrometer-based readout for concentration prediction, quality judgment, and automatic data collection. Two chemical kits for copper and iron detection have been imported form Merck and have been used for overall training and testing. The developed spectrometer has capability to work with smartphone-based android app and also can work in standalone mode. The developed spectrometer uses white light-emitting diode as a source and commercially imported spectral sensor (AS7262) for visible radiation reception. A low-power sub-GHZ-based wireless embedded platform has been developed and interfaced with source and detector. A power management module also has been designed to monitor the battery status and also to generate low battery indication. Overall modules has been packaged in custom designed enclosure to avoid external light interference. The developed system has been trained using standard buffer samples with known heavy metal concentrations and further tested for water samples collected from institute colony and nearby villages. The obtained results have been validated with commercially imported system from HANNA instruments, and it has been observed that developed system has shown excellent accuracy to predict heavy metal concentration (tested for Fe and Cu) in water samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:29:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c225b2b25d9741e2887fef5ed12793a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-5487 2190-5495 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:29:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Water Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-c225b2b25d9741e2887fef5ed12793a72022-12-21T21:28:42ZengSpringerOpenApplied Water Science2190-54872190-54952021-10-0111111810.1007/s13201-021-01519-wUltra-portable, smartphone-based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samplesSatyam Srivastava0Vinay Sharma1Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CEERIAcademy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CEERIAbstract Heavy metals are very toxic and hazardous for human health. Onsite screening of heavy metal contaminated samples along with location-based automation data collection is a tedious job. Traditionally high-end equipment’s such as gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC–MS) and atomic absorption spectrometers have been used to measure the concentration of different heavy metals in water samples but most of them are costly, bulky, and time consuming, and requires expert human intervention. This manuscript reports an ultra-portable, rapid, cost-effective, and easy-to-use solution for onsite heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples. Presented solution combines off-the-shelf available chemical kits for heavy metal detection and developed spectrometer-based readout for concentration prediction, quality judgment, and automatic data collection. Two chemical kits for copper and iron detection have been imported form Merck and have been used for overall training and testing. The developed spectrometer has capability to work with smartphone-based android app and also can work in standalone mode. The developed spectrometer uses white light-emitting diode as a source and commercially imported spectral sensor (AS7262) for visible radiation reception. A low-power sub-GHZ-based wireless embedded platform has been developed and interfaced with source and detector. A power management module also has been designed to monitor the battery status and also to generate low battery indication. Overall modules has been packaged in custom designed enclosure to avoid external light interference. The developed system has been trained using standard buffer samples with known heavy metal concentrations and further tested for water samples collected from institute colony and nearby villages. The obtained results have been validated with commercially imported system from HANNA instruments, and it has been observed that developed system has shown excellent accuracy to predict heavy metal concentration (tested for Fe and Cu) in water samples.https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01519-wSpectrometerHandheldSmartphoneHeavy metalColorimetricWater quality |
| spellingShingle | Satyam Srivastava Vinay Sharma Ultra-portable, smartphone-based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples Applied Water Science Spectrometer Handheld Smartphone Heavy metal Colorimetric Water quality |
| title | Ultra-portable, smartphone-based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples |
| title_full | Ultra-portable, smartphone-based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples |
| title_fullStr | Ultra-portable, smartphone-based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultra-portable, smartphone-based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples |
| title_short | Ultra-portable, smartphone-based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples |
| title_sort | ultra portable smartphone based spectrometer for heavy metal concentration measurement in drinking water samples |
| topic | Spectrometer Handheld Smartphone Heavy metal Colorimetric Water quality |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01519-w |
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