Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAs
Primary and metastatic brain tumors are usually serious conditions with poor prognosis, which reveal the urgent need of developing rapid diagnostic tools and efficacious treatments. To achieve these objectives, progress must be made in the understanding of brain tumor biology, for example, how they...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/19/6961 |
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| author | Alessandra Maria Vitale Radha Santonocito Giuseppe Vergilio Antonella Marino Gammazza Claudia Campanella Everly Conway de Macario Fabio Bucchieri Alberto J. L. Macario Celeste Caruso Bavisotto |
| author_facet | Alessandra Maria Vitale Radha Santonocito Giuseppe Vergilio Antonella Marino Gammazza Claudia Campanella Everly Conway de Macario Fabio Bucchieri Alberto J. L. Macario Celeste Caruso Bavisotto |
| author_sort | Alessandra Maria Vitale |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Primary and metastatic brain tumors are usually serious conditions with poor prognosis, which reveal the urgent need of developing rapid diagnostic tools and efficacious treatments. To achieve these objectives, progress must be made in the understanding of brain tumor biology, for example, how they resist natural defenses and therapeutic intervention. One resistance mechanism involves extracellular vesicles that are released by tumors to meet target cells nearby or distant via circulation and reprogram them by introducing their cargo. This consists of different molecules among which are microRNAs (miRNAs) and molecular chaperones, the focus of this article. miRNAs modify target cells in the immune system to avoid antitumor reaction and chaperones are key survival molecules for the tumor cell. Extracellular vesicles cargo reflects the composition and metabolism of the original tumor cell; therefore, it is a source of markers, including the miRNAs and chaperones discussed in this article, with potential diagnostic and prognostic value. This and their relatively easy availability by minimally invasive procedures (e.g., drawing venous blood) illustrate the potential of extracellular vesicles as useful materials to manage brain tumor patients. Furthermore, understanding extracellular vesicles circulation and interaction with target cells will provide the basis for using this vesicle for delivering therapeutic compounds to selected tumor cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:51:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c22c0b38d5314792a74ed152abf777df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:51:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c22c0b38d5314792a74ed152abf777df2023-11-20T16:05:53ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-10-011019696110.3390/app10196961Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAsAlessandra Maria Vitale0Radha Santonocito1Giuseppe Vergilio2Antonella Marino Gammazza3Claudia Campanella4Everly Conway de Macario5Fabio Bucchieri6Alberto J. L. Macario7Celeste Caruso Bavisotto8Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USADepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyEuro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyPrimary and metastatic brain tumors are usually serious conditions with poor prognosis, which reveal the urgent need of developing rapid diagnostic tools and efficacious treatments. To achieve these objectives, progress must be made in the understanding of brain tumor biology, for example, how they resist natural defenses and therapeutic intervention. One resistance mechanism involves extracellular vesicles that are released by tumors to meet target cells nearby or distant via circulation and reprogram them by introducing their cargo. This consists of different molecules among which are microRNAs (miRNAs) and molecular chaperones, the focus of this article. miRNAs modify target cells in the immune system to avoid antitumor reaction and chaperones are key survival molecules for the tumor cell. Extracellular vesicles cargo reflects the composition and metabolism of the original tumor cell; therefore, it is a source of markers, including the miRNAs and chaperones discussed in this article, with potential diagnostic and prognostic value. This and their relatively easy availability by minimally invasive procedures (e.g., drawing venous blood) illustrate the potential of extracellular vesicles as useful materials to manage brain tumor patients. Furthermore, understanding extracellular vesicles circulation and interaction with target cells will provide the basis for using this vesicle for delivering therapeutic compounds to selected tumor cells.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/19/6961brain tumorsextracellular vesiclesmiRNAmolecular chaperonesdiagnostic toolsdrug delivery |
| spellingShingle | Alessandra Maria Vitale Radha Santonocito Giuseppe Vergilio Antonella Marino Gammazza Claudia Campanella Everly Conway de Macario Fabio Bucchieri Alberto J. L. Macario Celeste Caruso Bavisotto Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAs Applied Sciences brain tumors extracellular vesicles miRNA molecular chaperones diagnostic tools drug delivery |
| title | Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAs |
| title_full | Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAs |
| title_fullStr | Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAs |
| title_short | Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAs |
| title_sort | brain tumor derived extracellular vesicles as carriers of disease markers molecular chaperones and micrornas |
| topic | brain tumors extracellular vesicles miRNA molecular chaperones diagnostic tools drug delivery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/19/6961 |
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