Fabrication of ILs-Assisted AgTaO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles for the Water Splitting Reaction: The Effect of ILs on Morphology and Photoactivity
The design of an active, stable and efficient photocatalyst that is able to be used for hydrogen production is of great interest nowadays. Therefore, four methods of AgTaO<sub>3</sub> perovskite synthesis, such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol-gel and solid state reactions, were propos...
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2020-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4055 |
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| author | Julia Zwara Anna Pancielejko Marta Paszkiewicz-Gawron Justyna Łuczak Magdalena Miodyńska Wojciech Lisowski Adriana Zaleska-Medynska Ewelina Grabowska-Musiał |
| author_facet | Julia Zwara Anna Pancielejko Marta Paszkiewicz-Gawron Justyna Łuczak Magdalena Miodyńska Wojciech Lisowski Adriana Zaleska-Medynska Ewelina Grabowska-Musiał |
| author_sort | Julia Zwara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The design of an active, stable and efficient photocatalyst that is able to be used for hydrogen production is of great interest nowadays. Therefore, four methods of AgTaO<sub>3</sub> perovskite synthesis, such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol-gel and solid state reactions, were proposed in this study to identify the one with the highest hydrogen generation efficiency by the water splitting reaction. The comprehensive results clearly show that the solid state reaction (SSR) led to the obtainment of a sample with an almost seven times higher photocatalytic activity than the other methods. Furthermore, four ionic liquids, all possessing nitrogen in the form of organic cations (two imidazoliums with different anions, ammonium and tetrazolium), were used for the first time to prepare composites consisting of AgTaO<sub>3</sub> modified with IL and Pt, simultaneously. The effect of the ionic liquids (ILs) and Pt nanoparticles’ presence on the structure, morphology, optical properties, elemental composition and the effectiveness of the hydrogen generation was investigated and discussed. The morphology investigation revealed that the AgTaO<sub>3</sub> photocatalysts with the application of [OMIM]-cation based ILs created smaller granules (<500 nm), whereas [TBA] [Cl] and [TPTZ] [Cl] ILs caused the formation of larger particles (up to 2 μm). We found that various ILs used for the synthesis did not improve the photocatalytic activity of the obtained samples in comparison with pristine AgTaO<sub>3</sub>. It was detected that the compound with the highest ability for hydrogen generation under UV-Vis irradiation was the AgTaO<sub>3</sub>_0.2% Pt (248.5 μmol∙g<sup>−1</sup>), having an almost 13 times higher efficiency in comparison with the non-modified pristine sample. It is evidenced that the enhanced photocatalytic activity of modified composites originated mainly from the presence of the platinum particles. The mechanism of photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> production under UV-Vis light irradiation in the presence of an AgTaO<sub>3</sub>_IL_Pt composite in the water splitting reaction was also proposed. |
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| id | doaj.art-c25bb499bdeb4b1ca4af958df3ebde01 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:22:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c25bb499bdeb4b1ca4af958df3ebde012023-11-20T13:32:06ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-09-011318405510.3390/ma13184055Fabrication of ILs-Assisted AgTaO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles for the Water Splitting Reaction: The Effect of ILs on Morphology and PhotoactivityJulia Zwara0Anna Pancielejko1Marta Paszkiewicz-Gawron2Justyna Łuczak3Magdalena Miodyńska4Wojciech Lisowski5Adriana Zaleska-Medynska6Ewelina Grabowska-Musiał7Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, PolandInstitute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, 01-244 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, PolandThe design of an active, stable and efficient photocatalyst that is able to be used for hydrogen production is of great interest nowadays. Therefore, four methods of AgTaO<sub>3</sub> perovskite synthesis, such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol-gel and solid state reactions, were proposed in this study to identify the one with the highest hydrogen generation efficiency by the water splitting reaction. The comprehensive results clearly show that the solid state reaction (SSR) led to the obtainment of a sample with an almost seven times higher photocatalytic activity than the other methods. Furthermore, four ionic liquids, all possessing nitrogen in the form of organic cations (two imidazoliums with different anions, ammonium and tetrazolium), were used for the first time to prepare composites consisting of AgTaO<sub>3</sub> modified with IL and Pt, simultaneously. The effect of the ionic liquids (ILs) and Pt nanoparticles’ presence on the structure, morphology, optical properties, elemental composition and the effectiveness of the hydrogen generation was investigated and discussed. The morphology investigation revealed that the AgTaO<sub>3</sub> photocatalysts with the application of [OMIM]-cation based ILs created smaller granules (<500 nm), whereas [TBA] [Cl] and [TPTZ] [Cl] ILs caused the formation of larger particles (up to 2 μm). We found that various ILs used for the synthesis did not improve the photocatalytic activity of the obtained samples in comparison with pristine AgTaO<sub>3</sub>. It was detected that the compound with the highest ability for hydrogen generation under UV-Vis irradiation was the AgTaO<sub>3</sub>_0.2% Pt (248.5 μmol∙g<sup>−1</sup>), having an almost 13 times higher efficiency in comparison with the non-modified pristine sample. It is evidenced that the enhanced photocatalytic activity of modified composites originated mainly from the presence of the platinum particles. The mechanism of photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> production under UV-Vis light irradiation in the presence of an AgTaO<sub>3</sub>_IL_Pt composite in the water splitting reaction was also proposed.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4055ionic liquidsperovskitehydrogen production/evolutionphotocatalysiswater splitting |
| spellingShingle | Julia Zwara Anna Pancielejko Marta Paszkiewicz-Gawron Justyna Łuczak Magdalena Miodyńska Wojciech Lisowski Adriana Zaleska-Medynska Ewelina Grabowska-Musiał Fabrication of ILs-Assisted AgTaO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles for the Water Splitting Reaction: The Effect of ILs on Morphology and Photoactivity Materials ionic liquids perovskite hydrogen production/evolution photocatalysis water splitting |
| title | Fabrication of ILs-Assisted AgTaO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles for the Water Splitting Reaction: The Effect of ILs on Morphology and Photoactivity |
| title_full | Fabrication of ILs-Assisted AgTaO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles for the Water Splitting Reaction: The Effect of ILs on Morphology and Photoactivity |
| title_fullStr | Fabrication of ILs-Assisted AgTaO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles for the Water Splitting Reaction: The Effect of ILs on Morphology and Photoactivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication of ILs-Assisted AgTaO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles for the Water Splitting Reaction: The Effect of ILs on Morphology and Photoactivity |
| title_short | Fabrication of ILs-Assisted AgTaO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles for the Water Splitting Reaction: The Effect of ILs on Morphology and Photoactivity |
| title_sort | fabrication of ils assisted agtao sub 3 sub nanoparticles for the water splitting reaction the effect of ils on morphology and photoactivity |
| topic | ionic liquids perovskite hydrogen production/evolution photocatalysis water splitting |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4055 |
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