Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infects 2% of the world’s population and is the leading cause of liver disease and liver transplantation. It poses a serious and growing worldwide public health problem that will only be partially addressed with the introduction of new antiviral therapies. However, these trea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02413/full |
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| author | Makutiro Ghislain Masavuli Danushka K. Wijesundara Joseph Torresi Eric J. Gowans Branka Grubor-Bauk |
| author_facet | Makutiro Ghislain Masavuli Danushka K. Wijesundara Joseph Torresi Eric J. Gowans Branka Grubor-Bauk |
| author_sort | Makutiro Ghislain Masavuli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infects 2% of the world’s population and is the leading cause of liver disease and liver transplantation. It poses a serious and growing worldwide public health problem that will only be partially addressed with the introduction of new antiviral therapies. However, these treatments will not prevent re-infection particularly in high risk populations. The introduction of a HCV vaccine has been predicted, using simulation models in a high risk population, to have a significant effect on reducing the incidence of HCV. A vaccine with 50 to 80% efficacy targeted to high-risk intravenous drug users could dramatically reduce HCV incidence in this population. Virus like particles (VLPs) are composed of viral structural proteins which self-assemble into non-infectious particles that lack genetic material and resemble native viruses. Thus, VLPs represent a safe and highly immunogenic vaccine delivery platform able to induce potent adaptive immune responses. Currently, many VLP-based vaccines have entered clinical trials, while licensed VLP vaccines for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human papilloma virus (HPV) have been in use for many years. The HCV core, E1 and E2 proteins can self-assemble into immunogenic VLPs while inclusion of HCV antigens into heterogenous (chimeric) VLPs is also a promising approach. These VLPs are produced using different expression systems such as bacterial, yeast, mammalian, plant, or insect cells. Here, this paper will review HCV VLP-based vaccines and their immunogenicity in animal models as well as the different expression systems used in their production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:09:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c263d3da906b4ff5bc36fbca6b01e239 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:09:23Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c263d3da906b4ff5bc36fbca6b01e2392022-12-22T03:19:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2017-12-01810.3389/fmicb.2017.02413306782Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis CMakutiro Ghislain Masavuli0Danushka K. Wijesundara1Joseph Torresi2Eric J. Gowans3Branka Grubor-Bauk4Virology Laboratory, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Medicine, Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaVirology Laboratory, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Medicine, Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, AustraliaVirology Laboratory, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Medicine, Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaVirology Laboratory, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Medicine, Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaHepatitis C Virus (HCV) infects 2% of the world’s population and is the leading cause of liver disease and liver transplantation. It poses a serious and growing worldwide public health problem that will only be partially addressed with the introduction of new antiviral therapies. However, these treatments will not prevent re-infection particularly in high risk populations. The introduction of a HCV vaccine has been predicted, using simulation models in a high risk population, to have a significant effect on reducing the incidence of HCV. A vaccine with 50 to 80% efficacy targeted to high-risk intravenous drug users could dramatically reduce HCV incidence in this population. Virus like particles (VLPs) are composed of viral structural proteins which self-assemble into non-infectious particles that lack genetic material and resemble native viruses. Thus, VLPs represent a safe and highly immunogenic vaccine delivery platform able to induce potent adaptive immune responses. Currently, many VLP-based vaccines have entered clinical trials, while licensed VLP vaccines for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human papilloma virus (HPV) have been in use for many years. The HCV core, E1 and E2 proteins can self-assemble into immunogenic VLPs while inclusion of HCV antigens into heterogenous (chimeric) VLPs is also a promising approach. These VLPs are produced using different expression systems such as bacterial, yeast, mammalian, plant, or insect cells. Here, this paper will review HCV VLP-based vaccines and their immunogenicity in animal models as well as the different expression systems used in their production.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02413/fullviral hepatitishepatitis C viruspreventative vaccinationvirus-like particlesimmune responseliver disease |
| spellingShingle | Makutiro Ghislain Masavuli Danushka K. Wijesundara Joseph Torresi Eric J. Gowans Branka Grubor-Bauk Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis C Frontiers in Microbiology viral hepatitis hepatitis C virus preventative vaccination virus-like particles immune response liver disease |
| title | Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis C |
| title_full | Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis C |
| title_fullStr | Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis C |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis C |
| title_short | Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis C |
| title_sort | preclinical development and production of virus like particles as vaccine candidates for hepatitis c |
| topic | viral hepatitis hepatitis C virus preventative vaccination virus-like particles immune response liver disease |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02413/full |
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