Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014
<p>Formaldehyde (HCHO), a key aerosol precursor, plays a significant role in atmospheric photo-oxidation pathways. In this study, HCHO column densities were measured using a Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instrument at the University of Chinese Academy of Sc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/3375/2019/acp-19-3375-2019.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818140367583707136 |
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| author | X. Tian X. Tian P. Xie P. Xie P. Xie J. Xu Y. Wang A. Li F. Wu Z. Hu C. Liu C. Liu C. Liu C. Liu Q. Zhang |
| author_facet | X. Tian X. Tian P. Xie P. Xie P. Xie J. Xu Y. Wang A. Li F. Wu Z. Hu C. Liu C. Liu C. Liu C. Liu Q. Zhang |
| author_sort | X. Tian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Formaldehyde (HCHO), a key aerosol precursor, plays a significant role in
atmospheric photo-oxidation pathways. In this study, HCHO column densities
were measured using a Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy
(MAX-DOAS) instrument at the University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS)
in Huairou District, Beijing, which is about 50 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> away from the city center.
Measurements were taken during the period of 1 October 2014 to 31 December 2014,
and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit was organized
on 5–11 November. Peak values of HCHO vertical column densities (VCDs)
around noon and a good correlation coefficient <span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i><sup>2</sup></span> of 0.73 between HCHO
VCDs and surface <span class="inline-formula">O<sub>3</sub></span> concentration during noontime indicated that the
secondary sources of HCHO through photochemical reactions of volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) dominated the HCHO values in the area around UCAS.
Dependences of HCHO VCDs on wind fields and backward trajectories were
identified and indicated that the HCHO values in the area around UCAS were
considerably affected by the transport of pollutants (VOCs) from polluted
areas in the south. The effects of control measures on HCHO VCDs during the
APEC period were evaluated. During the period of the APEC conference, the
average HCHO VCDs were <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">38</mn><mspace width="0.125em" linebreak="nobreak"/><mi mathvariant="italic">%</mi><mo>±</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">20</mn><mspace linebreak="nobreak" width="0.125em"/><mi mathvariant="italic">%</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="70pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="b90f68696ef372fcb92afd7921318af6"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-19-3375-2019-ie00001.svg" width="70pt" height="10pt" src="acp-19-3375-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> and
<span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">30</mn><mspace linebreak="nobreak" width="0.125em"/><mi mathvariant="italic">%</mi><mo>±</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">24</mn><mspace width="0.125em" linebreak="nobreak"/><mi mathvariant="italic">%</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="70pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="9c6f2244f57dfcbcd948be265277954a"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-19-3375-2019-ie00002.svg" width="70pt" height="10pt" src="acp-19-3375-2019-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> lower than that during the pre-APEC and
post-APEC periods calculated at the 95 % confidence limit, respectively. This
phenomenon could be attributed to both the effects of prevailing northwest
wind fields during APEC and strict control measures. We also compared the
MAX-DOAS results with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
model. The HCHO VCDs of the CAMS model and MAX-DOAS were generally consistent
with a correlation coefficient <span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i><sup>2</sup></span> greater than 0.68. The peak values
were consistently captured by both data datasets, but the low values were
systematically underestimated by the CAMS model. This finding may indicate
that the CAMS model can adequately simulate the effects of the transport and
the secondary sources of HCHO but underestimates the local primary sources.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:42:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c27169f490ea4bac9ebefeecffa0f985 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:42:52Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c27169f490ea4bac9ebefeecffa0f9852022-12-22T01:10:32ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242019-03-01193375339310.5194/acp-19-3375-2019Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014X. Tian0X. Tian1P. Xie2P. Xie3P. Xie4J. Xu5Y. Wang6A. Li7F. Wu8Z. Hu9C. Liu10C. Liu11C. Liu12C. Liu13Q. Zhang14School of Environmental Science and Optoeclectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, ChinaKey laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Optoeclectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, ChinaKey laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, ChinaCAS Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, ChinaKey laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, ChinaMax Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, GermanyKey laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, ChinaKey laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, ChinaKey laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, ChinaKey laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, ChinaCAS Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, ChinaSchool of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, ChinaAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, USTC, Hefei, 230026, ChinaKey laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, China<p>Formaldehyde (HCHO), a key aerosol precursor, plays a significant role in atmospheric photo-oxidation pathways. In this study, HCHO column densities were measured using a Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instrument at the University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS) in Huairou District, Beijing, which is about 50 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> away from the city center. Measurements were taken during the period of 1 October 2014 to 31 December 2014, and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit was organized on 5–11 November. Peak values of HCHO vertical column densities (VCDs) around noon and a good correlation coefficient <span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i><sup>2</sup></span> of 0.73 between HCHO VCDs and surface <span class="inline-formula">O<sub>3</sub></span> concentration during noontime indicated that the secondary sources of HCHO through photochemical reactions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) dominated the HCHO values in the area around UCAS. Dependences of HCHO VCDs on wind fields and backward trajectories were identified and indicated that the HCHO values in the area around UCAS were considerably affected by the transport of pollutants (VOCs) from polluted areas in the south. The effects of control measures on HCHO VCDs during the APEC period were evaluated. During the period of the APEC conference, the average HCHO VCDs were <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">38</mn><mspace width="0.125em" linebreak="nobreak"/><mi mathvariant="italic">%</mi><mo>±</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">20</mn><mspace linebreak="nobreak" width="0.125em"/><mi mathvariant="italic">%</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="70pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="b90f68696ef372fcb92afd7921318af6"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-19-3375-2019-ie00001.svg" width="70pt" height="10pt" src="acp-19-3375-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> and <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">30</mn><mspace linebreak="nobreak" width="0.125em"/><mi mathvariant="italic">%</mi><mo>±</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">24</mn><mspace width="0.125em" linebreak="nobreak"/><mi mathvariant="italic">%</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="70pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="9c6f2244f57dfcbcd948be265277954a"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-19-3375-2019-ie00002.svg" width="70pt" height="10pt" src="acp-19-3375-2019-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> lower than that during the pre-APEC and post-APEC periods calculated at the 95 % confidence limit, respectively. This phenomenon could be attributed to both the effects of prevailing northwest wind fields during APEC and strict control measures. We also compared the MAX-DOAS results with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) model. The HCHO VCDs of the CAMS model and MAX-DOAS were generally consistent with a correlation coefficient <span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i><sup>2</sup></span> greater than 0.68. The peak values were consistently captured by both data datasets, but the low values were systematically underestimated by the CAMS model. This finding may indicate that the CAMS model can adequately simulate the effects of the transport and the secondary sources of HCHO but underestimates the local primary sources.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/3375/2019/acp-19-3375-2019.pdf |
| spellingShingle | X. Tian X. Tian P. Xie P. Xie P. Xie J. Xu Y. Wang A. Li F. Wu Z. Hu C. Liu C. Liu C. Liu C. Liu Q. Zhang Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014 |
| title_full | Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014 |
| title_fullStr | Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014 |
| title_short | Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014 |
| title_sort | ground based max doas observations of tropospheric formaldehyde vcds and comparisons with the cams model at a rural site near beijing during apec 2014 |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/3375/2019/acp-19-3375-2019.pdf |
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