Quality Evaluation of Taxilli Herba from Different Hosts Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Taxilli Herba (TAXH) is an important traditional Chinese medicine with a long history, dating from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the present times. However, the active constituents in it that parasitize different hosts vary, affecting its clinical efficacy. Given the complexity of the host origins, eva...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/24/7490 |
| _version_ | 1797502205682515968 |
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| author | Nan Wu Li Li Zhi-Chen Cai Jia-Huan Yuan Wen-Xin Wang Sheng-Xin Yin Sheng-Jin Liu Li-Fang Wei Yu-Qi Mei Cui-Hua Chen Xun-Hong Liu Li-Si Zou Jie Li |
| author_facet | Nan Wu Li Li Zhi-Chen Cai Jia-Huan Yuan Wen-Xin Wang Sheng-Xin Yin Sheng-Jin Liu Li-Fang Wei Yu-Qi Mei Cui-Hua Chen Xun-Hong Liu Li-Si Zou Jie Li |
| author_sort | Nan Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Taxilli Herba (TAXH) is an important traditional Chinese medicine with a long history, dating from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the present times. However, the active constituents in it that parasitize different hosts vary, affecting its clinical efficacy. Given the complexity of the host origins, evaluating the quality of TAXH is critical to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication. In the present study, a quantitative method based on ultra-fast liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) was established, which simultaneously determined the content of 33 active constituents, including 12 flavonoids, 4 organic acids, 12 amino acids, and 5 nucleosides in 45 samples. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was employed to classify and distinguish between TAXH and its adulterants, Tolypanthi Herba (TOLH). A hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) was conducted combined with a heatmap to visually observe the distribution regularity of 33 constituents in each sample. Furthermore, gray relational analysis (GRA) was applied to evaluate the quality of samples to get the optimal host. The results demonstrated that TAXH excelled TOLH in quality as a whole. The quality of TAXH parasitizing <i>Morus alba</i> was also better, while those that were parasitic on <i>Cinnamomum camphora</i> and <i>Glyptostrobus pensilis</i> had relatively poor quality. This study may provide comprehensive information that is necessary for quality control and supply a scientific basis for further exploring the quality formation mechanism of TAXH. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c290dc2a4ff64d91bccc27e9f0854a33 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-c290dc2a4ff64d91bccc27e9f0854a332023-11-23T09:44:52ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-12-012624749010.3390/molecules26247490Quality Evaluation of Taxilli Herba from Different Hosts Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical AnalysisNan Wu0Li Li1Zhi-Chen Cai2Jia-Huan Yuan3Wen-Xin Wang4Sheng-Xin Yin5Sheng-Jin Liu6Li-Fang Wei7Yu-Qi Mei8Cui-Hua Chen9Xun-Hong Liu10Li-Si Zou11Jie Li12College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530220, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, ChinaTaxilli Herba (TAXH) is an important traditional Chinese medicine with a long history, dating from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the present times. However, the active constituents in it that parasitize different hosts vary, affecting its clinical efficacy. Given the complexity of the host origins, evaluating the quality of TAXH is critical to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication. In the present study, a quantitative method based on ultra-fast liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) was established, which simultaneously determined the content of 33 active constituents, including 12 flavonoids, 4 organic acids, 12 amino acids, and 5 nucleosides in 45 samples. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was employed to classify and distinguish between TAXH and its adulterants, Tolypanthi Herba (TOLH). A hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) was conducted combined with a heatmap to visually observe the distribution regularity of 33 constituents in each sample. Furthermore, gray relational analysis (GRA) was applied to evaluate the quality of samples to get the optimal host. The results demonstrated that TAXH excelled TOLH in quality as a whole. The quality of TAXH parasitizing <i>Morus alba</i> was also better, while those that were parasitic on <i>Cinnamomum camphora</i> and <i>Glyptostrobus pensilis</i> had relatively poor quality. This study may provide comprehensive information that is necessary for quality control and supply a scientific basis for further exploring the quality formation mechanism of TAXH.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/24/7490Taxilli HerbaUFLC-QTRAP-MS/MSmultiple active constituentssimultaneous determinationmultivariate statistical analysis |
| spellingShingle | Nan Wu Li Li Zhi-Chen Cai Jia-Huan Yuan Wen-Xin Wang Sheng-Xin Yin Sheng-Jin Liu Li-Fang Wei Yu-Qi Mei Cui-Hua Chen Xun-Hong Liu Li-Si Zou Jie Li Quality Evaluation of Taxilli Herba from Different Hosts Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis Molecules Taxilli Herba UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS multiple active constituents simultaneous determination multivariate statistical analysis |
| title | Quality Evaluation of Taxilli Herba from Different Hosts Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_full | Quality Evaluation of Taxilli Herba from Different Hosts Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Quality Evaluation of Taxilli Herba from Different Hosts Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quality Evaluation of Taxilli Herba from Different Hosts Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_short | Quality Evaluation of Taxilli Herba from Different Hosts Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_sort | quality evaluation of taxilli herba from different hosts based on simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents combined with multivariate statistical analysis |
| topic | Taxilli Herba UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS multiple active constituents simultaneous determination multivariate statistical analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/24/7490 |
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