A Study on Petal Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of <i>Styrax japonicus</i> during the Flowering Period
<i>Styrax japonicus</i> is a small ornamental tree with medicinal values, although its flowering period is short. To date, information about the morphological and physiological characteristics of the petals during the flowering period is limited. In this study, we observed the structure...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/8/1498 |
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| author | Chen Chen Hong Chen Ming Ni Fangyuan Yu |
| author_facet | Chen Chen Hong Chen Ming Ni Fangyuan Yu |
| author_sort | Chen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Styrax japonicus</i> is a small ornamental tree with medicinal values, although its flowering period is short. To date, information about the morphological and physiological characteristics of the petals during the flowering period is limited. In this study, we observed the structure of the petals at the full flowering stage with a scanning electron microscope and detected the contents of nutrients, minerals, and endogenous hormones and the activities of enzymes at different flowering stages. The results showed that the content of soluble sugar exhibited an ‘increase-decrease’ trend, whereas the contents of soluble protein, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and abscisic acid (ABA) showed a ‘decrease-increase’ pattern. The content of starch descended continuously, but the contents of potassium (K), gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>), indoleacetic acid (IAA), and malondialdehyde (MDA) ascended continuously. The activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) first rose and then declined during the flowering period. Higher contents of soluble sugar, N, K, and IAA promoted <i>S. japonicus</i> flowering; meanwhile, lower contents of starch, soluble protein, P, and GA<sub>3</sub> in addition to the lower activity of SOD might be some of the causes of the short flowering period. This work will serve as the foundation for a scientific technique to utilize the flowers and extend the flowering period in <i>S. japonicus</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:05:37Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:05:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-c2a0f14d8cf24b5db224f030219f36472023-11-22T06:24:40ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-07-01118149810.3390/agronomy11081498A Study on Petal Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of <i>Styrax japonicus</i> during the Flowering PeriodChen Chen0Hong Chen1Ming Ni2Fangyuan Yu3Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China<i>Styrax japonicus</i> is a small ornamental tree with medicinal values, although its flowering period is short. To date, information about the morphological and physiological characteristics of the petals during the flowering period is limited. In this study, we observed the structure of the petals at the full flowering stage with a scanning electron microscope and detected the contents of nutrients, minerals, and endogenous hormones and the activities of enzymes at different flowering stages. The results showed that the content of soluble sugar exhibited an ‘increase-decrease’ trend, whereas the contents of soluble protein, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and abscisic acid (ABA) showed a ‘decrease-increase’ pattern. The content of starch descended continuously, but the contents of potassium (K), gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>), indoleacetic acid (IAA), and malondialdehyde (MDA) ascended continuously. The activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) first rose and then declined during the flowering period. Higher contents of soluble sugar, N, K, and IAA promoted <i>S. japonicus</i> flowering; meanwhile, lower contents of starch, soluble protein, P, and GA<sub>3</sub> in addition to the lower activity of SOD might be some of the causes of the short flowering period. This work will serve as the foundation for a scientific technique to utilize the flowers and extend the flowering period in <i>S. japonicus</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/8/1498<i>Styrax japonicus</i>enzymeshormonesmineralsnutrientssenescence |
| spellingShingle | Chen Chen Hong Chen Ming Ni Fangyuan Yu A Study on Petal Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of <i>Styrax japonicus</i> during the Flowering Period Agronomy <i>Styrax japonicus</i> enzymes hormones minerals nutrients senescence |
| title | A Study on Petal Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of <i>Styrax japonicus</i> during the Flowering Period |
| title_full | A Study on Petal Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of <i>Styrax japonicus</i> during the Flowering Period |
| title_fullStr | A Study on Petal Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of <i>Styrax japonicus</i> during the Flowering Period |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Study on Petal Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of <i>Styrax japonicus</i> during the Flowering Period |
| title_short | A Study on Petal Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of <i>Styrax japonicus</i> during the Flowering Period |
| title_sort | study on petal morphological and physiological characteristics of i styrax japonicus i during the flowering period |
| topic | <i>Styrax japonicus</i> enzymes hormones minerals nutrients senescence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/8/1498 |
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