A Novel, Portable and Fast Moisture Content Measuring Method for Grains Based on an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radar Module and the Mode Matching Method
To perform fast and portable grain moisture measurements under field conditions, a novel moisture sensor was designed, which consisted of a coaxial waveguide, a circular waveguide, and an isolation layer. The electromagnetic characteristics of the sensor were simulated and measured. The analytical m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4224 |
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| author | Chi Zhang Zhichao Shi Haiying Yang Xiaoguang Zhou Zidan Wu Digvir S. Jayas |
| author_facet | Chi Zhang Zhichao Shi Haiying Yang Xiaoguang Zhou Zidan Wu Digvir S. Jayas |
| author_sort | Chi Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To perform fast and portable grain moisture measurements under field conditions, a novel moisture sensor was designed, which consisted of a coaxial waveguide, a circular waveguide, and an isolation layer. The electromagnetic characteristics of the sensor were simulated and measured. The analytical model, which represented the relationship between the reflection coefficient of the sensor and the complex permittivity of grain, was established by using the mode matching method. The reflection coefficient of the sensor was measured by using an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar module, and the moisture content of grains was calculated from the complex permittivity by using density-independent model. To verify the performance of the proposed method, wheat, rough rice, and barley were taken as examples. The measured results in the range from 1.0% to 26.0%, wet basis, agreed well with the reference values (R<sup>2</sup> was more than 0.99), and the maximum absolute errors for wheat, rough rice, and barley were 1.1%, 1.0%, and 1.4%, respectively. In addition, the effect of isolation layer was discussed. Both the simulation results and the experimental results showed that the isolation layer improved the stability of sensor. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:49:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c2a12bb2e1f945039fc34e2867808b5d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:49:44Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-c2a12bb2e1f945039fc34e2867808b5d2022-12-22T04:01:16ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-09-011919422410.3390/s19194224s19194224A Novel, Portable and Fast Moisture Content Measuring Method for Grains Based on an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radar Module and the Mode Matching MethodChi Zhang0Zhichao Shi1Haiying Yang2Xiaoguang Zhou3Zidan Wu4Digvir S. Jayas5Department of Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaDepartment of Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaDepartment of Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaDepartment of Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaDepartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaDepartment of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, CanadaTo perform fast and portable grain moisture measurements under field conditions, a novel moisture sensor was designed, which consisted of a coaxial waveguide, a circular waveguide, and an isolation layer. The electromagnetic characteristics of the sensor were simulated and measured. The analytical model, which represented the relationship between the reflection coefficient of the sensor and the complex permittivity of grain, was established by using the mode matching method. The reflection coefficient of the sensor was measured by using an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar module, and the moisture content of grains was calculated from the complex permittivity by using density-independent model. To verify the performance of the proposed method, wheat, rough rice, and barley were taken as examples. The measured results in the range from 1.0% to 26.0%, wet basis, agreed well with the reference values (R<sup>2</sup> was more than 0.99), and the maximum absolute errors for wheat, rough rice, and barley were 1.1%, 1.0%, and 1.4%, respectively. In addition, the effect of isolation layer was discussed. Both the simulation results and the experimental results showed that the isolation layer improved the stability of sensor.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4224moisture measurementgrainultra-wideband radarsensorsmode matching method |
| spellingShingle | Chi Zhang Zhichao Shi Haiying Yang Xiaoguang Zhou Zidan Wu Digvir S. Jayas A Novel, Portable and Fast Moisture Content Measuring Method for Grains Based on an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radar Module and the Mode Matching Method Sensors moisture measurement grain ultra-wideband radar sensors mode matching method |
| title | A Novel, Portable and Fast Moisture Content Measuring Method for Grains Based on an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radar Module and the Mode Matching Method |
| title_full | A Novel, Portable and Fast Moisture Content Measuring Method for Grains Based on an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radar Module and the Mode Matching Method |
| title_fullStr | A Novel, Portable and Fast Moisture Content Measuring Method for Grains Based on an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radar Module and the Mode Matching Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel, Portable and Fast Moisture Content Measuring Method for Grains Based on an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radar Module and the Mode Matching Method |
| title_short | A Novel, Portable and Fast Moisture Content Measuring Method for Grains Based on an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radar Module and the Mode Matching Method |
| title_sort | novel portable and fast moisture content measuring method for grains based on an ultra wideband uwb radar module and the mode matching method |
| topic | moisture measurement grain ultra-wideband radar sensors mode matching method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4224 |
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