Experimental and numerical investigation of magneto-plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objects
Electromagnetic transients known as kilonovae (KN), are among the photonic messengers released in the post-merger phase of compact binary objects, for example, binary neutron stars, and they have been recently observed as the electromagnetic counterpart of related gravitational-wave (GW) events. Det...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2022.931744/full |
| _version_ | 1811229759457198080 |
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| author | Angelo Pidatella David Mascali Matteo Bezmalinovich Matteo Bezmalinovich Giulia Emma Giulia Emma Maria Mazzaglia Bharat Mishra Bharat Mishra Giorgio Finocchiaro Giorgio Finocchiaro Alessio Galatà Salvo Marletta Giorgio Sebastiano Mauro Eugenia Naselli Domenico Santonocito Giuseppe Torrisi Sergio Cristallo Sergio Cristallo Marco La Cognata Albino Perego Albino Perego Roberta Spartà Aurora Tumino Aurora Tumino Diego Vescovi |
| author_facet | Angelo Pidatella David Mascali Matteo Bezmalinovich Matteo Bezmalinovich Giulia Emma Giulia Emma Maria Mazzaglia Bharat Mishra Bharat Mishra Giorgio Finocchiaro Giorgio Finocchiaro Alessio Galatà Salvo Marletta Giorgio Sebastiano Mauro Eugenia Naselli Domenico Santonocito Giuseppe Torrisi Sergio Cristallo Sergio Cristallo Marco La Cognata Albino Perego Albino Perego Roberta Spartà Aurora Tumino Aurora Tumino Diego Vescovi |
| author_sort | Angelo Pidatella |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electromagnetic transients known as kilonovae (KN), are among the photonic messengers released in the post-merger phase of compact binary objects, for example, binary neutron stars, and they have been recently observed as the electromagnetic counterpart of related gravitational-wave (GW) events. Detection of the KN signal plays a fundamental role in the multi-messenger astronomy entering in a sophisticated GW-detecting network. The KN light curve also delivers precious information on the composition and dynamics of the neutron-rich post-merger plasma ejecta (relying on r-process nucleosynthesis yields). In this sense, studying KN becomes of great relevance for nuclear astrophysics. Because of the highly heterogeneous composition, plasma opacity has a great impact both on radiative transport and spectroscopic observation of KN. Theoretical models attempting in encoding the opacity of this system often fail, due to the complexity of blending plethora of both light- and heavy-r nuclei transition lines, requesting for more complete atomic database. Trapped magneto-plasmas conceived in PANDORA could answer to these requests, allowing experimental in-laboratory measurements of optical properties and opacities, at plasma electron densities and temperatures resembling early-stage plasma ejecta’s conditions, contributing to shed light on r-process metallic species abundance at the blue-KN diffusion time. A numerical study has been recently performed, supporting the choice of first physics cases to be investigated and the design of the experimental setup. In this article, we report on the feasibility of metallic plasmas on the basis of the results from the systematic numerical survey on optical spectra computed under non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) for several light-r nuclei. Results show the great impact of the NLTE regime of laboratory magneto-plasmas on the gray opacity contribution contrasted with those under the astrophysical LTE assumption. A first experimental attempt of reproducing ejecta plasma conditions has been performed on the operative Flexible Plasma Trap (FPT) at the INFN-LNS and here presented, together with first plasma characterization of density and temperature, via non-invasive optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The measured plasma parameters have supported numerical simulations to explore optical properties of NLTE gaseous and metallic plasmas, in view of the near-future plasma opacity measurements through spectroscopic techniques. The novel work so far performed on these under-dense and low-temperature magneto-plasmas, opens the route for the first-time to future in-laboratory plasma opacity measurements of metallic plasma species relevant for KN light curve studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:19:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c2ab2ba6c1014b99a338893a3c8b7f68 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-987X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:19:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c2ab2ba6c1014b99a338893a3c8b7f682022-12-22T03:37:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences2296-987X2022-10-01910.3389/fspas.2022.931744931744Experimental and numerical investigation of magneto-plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objectsAngelo Pidatella0David Mascali1Matteo Bezmalinovich2Matteo Bezmalinovich3Giulia Emma4Giulia Emma5Maria Mazzaglia6Bharat Mishra7Bharat Mishra8Giorgio Finocchiaro9Giorgio Finocchiaro10Alessio Galatà11Salvo Marletta12Giorgio Sebastiano Mauro13Eugenia Naselli14Domenico Santonocito15Giuseppe Torrisi16Sergio Cristallo17Sergio Cristallo18Marco La Cognata19Albino Perego20Albino Perego21Roberta Spartà22Aurora Tumino23Aurora Tumino24Diego Vescovi25INFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Camerino, ItalyINFN, Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNL, Legnaro, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyINFN, Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, ItalyINAF, Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo, Teramo, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, ItalyTIFPA, INFN, Trento, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyINFN, LNS, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna “Kore”, Enna, Italy0Institute for Applied Physics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyElectromagnetic transients known as kilonovae (KN), are among the photonic messengers released in the post-merger phase of compact binary objects, for example, binary neutron stars, and they have been recently observed as the electromagnetic counterpart of related gravitational-wave (GW) events. Detection of the KN signal plays a fundamental role in the multi-messenger astronomy entering in a sophisticated GW-detecting network. The KN light curve also delivers precious information on the composition and dynamics of the neutron-rich post-merger plasma ejecta (relying on r-process nucleosynthesis yields). In this sense, studying KN becomes of great relevance for nuclear astrophysics. Because of the highly heterogeneous composition, plasma opacity has a great impact both on radiative transport and spectroscopic observation of KN. Theoretical models attempting in encoding the opacity of this system often fail, due to the complexity of blending plethora of both light- and heavy-r nuclei transition lines, requesting for more complete atomic database. Trapped magneto-plasmas conceived in PANDORA could answer to these requests, allowing experimental in-laboratory measurements of optical properties and opacities, at plasma electron densities and temperatures resembling early-stage plasma ejecta’s conditions, contributing to shed light on r-process metallic species abundance at the blue-KN diffusion time. A numerical study has been recently performed, supporting the choice of first physics cases to be investigated and the design of the experimental setup. In this article, we report on the feasibility of metallic plasmas on the basis of the results from the systematic numerical survey on optical spectra computed under non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) for several light-r nuclei. Results show the great impact of the NLTE regime of laboratory magneto-plasmas on the gray opacity contribution contrasted with those under the astrophysical LTE assumption. A first experimental attempt of reproducing ejecta plasma conditions has been performed on the operative Flexible Plasma Trap (FPT) at the INFN-LNS and here presented, together with first plasma characterization of density and temperature, via non-invasive optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The measured plasma parameters have supported numerical simulations to explore optical properties of NLTE gaseous and metallic plasmas, in view of the near-future plasma opacity measurements through spectroscopic techniques. The novel work so far performed on these under-dense and low-temperature magneto-plasmas, opens the route for the first-time to future in-laboratory plasma opacity measurements of metallic plasma species relevant for KN light curve studies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2022.931744/fullplasma physicsnuclear astrophysicsmulti-messenger astronomyplasma spectroscopykilonovae |
| spellingShingle | Angelo Pidatella David Mascali Matteo Bezmalinovich Matteo Bezmalinovich Giulia Emma Giulia Emma Maria Mazzaglia Bharat Mishra Bharat Mishra Giorgio Finocchiaro Giorgio Finocchiaro Alessio Galatà Salvo Marletta Giorgio Sebastiano Mauro Eugenia Naselli Domenico Santonocito Giuseppe Torrisi Sergio Cristallo Sergio Cristallo Marco La Cognata Albino Perego Albino Perego Roberta Spartà Aurora Tumino Aurora Tumino Diego Vescovi Experimental and numerical investigation of magneto-plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objects Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences plasma physics nuclear astrophysics multi-messenger astronomy plasma spectroscopy kilonovae |
| title | Experimental and numerical investigation of magneto-plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objects |
| title_full | Experimental and numerical investigation of magneto-plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objects |
| title_fullStr | Experimental and numerical investigation of magneto-plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental and numerical investigation of magneto-plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objects |
| title_short | Experimental and numerical investigation of magneto-plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objects |
| title_sort | experimental and numerical investigation of magneto plasma optical properties toward measurements of opacity relevant for compact binary objects |
| topic | plasma physics nuclear astrophysics multi-messenger astronomy plasma spectroscopy kilonovae |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2022.931744/full |
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