Stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against Newcastle disease virus and Avian influenza virus
Aim: The present study was examined the virucidal activity comparison between fresh charcoal ash (FCA) and slaked lime (SL) against avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), using powder and liquid forms, either in the absence or presence of organic materials. In addition, both...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Veterinary World
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Veterinary World |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.12/January-2019/1.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818649595009302528 |
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| author | Sakchai Ruenphet Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya Tippawan Jantafong Kazuaki Takehara |
| author_facet | Sakchai Ruenphet Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya Tippawan Jantafong Kazuaki Takehara |
| author_sort | Sakchai Ruenphet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aim: The present study was examined the virucidal activity comparison between fresh charcoal ash (FCA) and slaked lime (SL) against avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), using powder and liquid forms, either in the absence or presence of organic materials. In addition, both FCA and SL were evaluated for the persistence of virucidal activity in wet and dry conditions and stability of the solution.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred milligrams of FCA or SL powders were mixed with 100 μl of AIV or NDV in the absence of organic material or 33% of organic materials. In the same time, 400 μl of 1%, 5%, or 10% solution samples were mixed with 100 μl of each virus and then incubated at room temperature for an indicated time. After that, the mixed solution was stop activity of sample using 500 μl of 1M Tris-HCl pH 7.2. Each treatment was titrated onto Madin-Darby canine kidney cells or chicken embryo fibroblasts for AIV or NDV, respectively, for determining the efficacy of viral inactivation. In addition, the stability of powder under the wet-dry condition and solution stability under room temperature was examined.
Results: The results demonstrated that the FCA and SL in powder form could inactivate AIV and NDV even in the absence or presence of organic materials. In the liquid form, 5% and 10% of FCA could inactivate AIV and NDV either in the absence or presence of organic materials. Alongside, 1%, 5%, and 10% of SL could inactivate both viruses. 10% of FCA solution could inactivate virus at a shortest time when compared with other concentrations. In addition, the efficacy of wet-dry conditions of FCA was limited when compared with SL. On the other hand, it is demonstrated that the FCA solution was more stable and kept at room temperature longer than SL.
Conclusion: The FCA may, hence, be used as an alternative virucide, while applying it to prevent spreading of poultry disease on commercial chicken farms and also backyard chickens, especially in developing countries, including in rural areas of Thailand. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:36:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c2b767ccad844b15922c63bcd41bed53 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-8988 2231-0916 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:36:49Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Veterinary World |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c2b767ccad844b15922c63bcd41bed532022-12-21T22:08:26ZengVeterinary WorldVeterinary World0972-89882231-09162019-01-011211610.14202/vetworld.2019.1-6Stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against Newcastle disease virus and Avian influenza virusSakchai Ruenphet0Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya1Tippawan Jantafong2Kazuaki Takehara3Department of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Thailand.Department of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Thailand.Department of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Thailand.Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Health, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan.Aim: The present study was examined the virucidal activity comparison between fresh charcoal ash (FCA) and slaked lime (SL) against avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), using powder and liquid forms, either in the absence or presence of organic materials. In addition, both FCA and SL were evaluated for the persistence of virucidal activity in wet and dry conditions and stability of the solution. Materials and Methods: Two hundred milligrams of FCA or SL powders were mixed with 100 μl of AIV or NDV in the absence of organic material or 33% of organic materials. In the same time, 400 μl of 1%, 5%, or 10% solution samples were mixed with 100 μl of each virus and then incubated at room temperature for an indicated time. After that, the mixed solution was stop activity of sample using 500 μl of 1M Tris-HCl pH 7.2. Each treatment was titrated onto Madin-Darby canine kidney cells or chicken embryo fibroblasts for AIV or NDV, respectively, for determining the efficacy of viral inactivation. In addition, the stability of powder under the wet-dry condition and solution stability under room temperature was examined. Results: The results demonstrated that the FCA and SL in powder form could inactivate AIV and NDV even in the absence or presence of organic materials. In the liquid form, 5% and 10% of FCA could inactivate AIV and NDV either in the absence or presence of organic materials. Alongside, 1%, 5%, and 10% of SL could inactivate both viruses. 10% of FCA solution could inactivate virus at a shortest time when compared with other concentrations. In addition, the efficacy of wet-dry conditions of FCA was limited when compared with SL. On the other hand, it is demonstrated that the FCA solution was more stable and kept at room temperature longer than SL. Conclusion: The FCA may, hence, be used as an alternative virucide, while applying it to prevent spreading of poultry disease on commercial chicken farms and also backyard chickens, especially in developing countries, including in rural areas of Thailand.http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.12/January-2019/1.pdfalkaline agentfresh charcoal ashslaked limevirucidal activity |
| spellingShingle | Sakchai Ruenphet Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya Tippawan Jantafong Kazuaki Takehara Stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against Newcastle disease virus and Avian influenza virus Veterinary World alkaline agent fresh charcoal ash slaked lime virucidal activity |
| title | Stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against Newcastle disease virus and Avian influenza virus |
| title_full | Stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against Newcastle disease virus and Avian influenza virus |
| title_fullStr | Stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against Newcastle disease virus and Avian influenza virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against Newcastle disease virus and Avian influenza virus |
| title_short | Stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against Newcastle disease virus and Avian influenza virus |
| title_sort | stability and virucidal efficacies using powder and liquid forms of fresh charcoal ash and slaked lime against newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus |
| topic | alkaline agent fresh charcoal ash slaked lime virucidal activity |
| url | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.12/January-2019/1.pdf |
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