Probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis: results from the NHANES 2011–2016 and Mendelian randomization study
BackgroundRecent research showed that probiotics treatment may reduce insulin resistance, regulate lipid metabolism, raise liver enzyme levels, and ameliorate inflammation in individuals with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, the possible effects of probiotic use on the prog...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1334935/full |
| _version_ | 1797219275382980608 |
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| author | Yancheng Song Yancheng Song Wencong Guo Wencong Guo Junke Wang Shuguang Liu Zhaopeng Li Yu Li |
| author_facet | Yancheng Song Yancheng Song Wencong Guo Wencong Guo Junke Wang Shuguang Liu Zhaopeng Li Yu Li |
| author_sort | Yancheng Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundRecent research showed that probiotics treatment may reduce insulin resistance, regulate lipid metabolism, raise liver enzyme levels, and ameliorate inflammation in individuals with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, the possible effects of probiotic use on the progression of hepatic steatosis (HS) have not been identified. The purpose of this study was to investigate this in a large population database.MethodsThe cross-sectional research was conducted among adults with complete data on probiotic yogurt consumption and HS in the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Probiotic yogurt consumption was assessed using a dietary supplement questionnaire, while HS was evaluated with HS index (HSI). To explore their relationship, weighted univariate regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and interaction analysis were conducted. To evaluate the causal association between yogurt consumption and NAFLD, mendelian randomization analysis (MR) were performed. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to analyze the relationship curve between the leves of yogurt consumption and hepatic steatosis.ResultsA total of 7,891 participants were included in the study represented 146.7 million non-institutionalized residents of the United States, of whom 4,322 (54.77%) were diagnosed with HS. Multivariable logistic regression showed probiotic yogurt consumption had significantly inverse relationship for HS (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72–0.97, p = 0.02) after adjusting for all covariates. Once more, the independent relationship between probiotic yogurt consumption and HS was verified by subgroup analysis and interaction analysis. The MR analysis results indicate that there is no causal relationship between yogurt consumption and NAFLD. The RCS model demonstrated a robust J-shaped link between yogurt consumption and HS, revealing a significant decrease in risk within the lower range of yogurt consumption, which attained the lowest risk close to 0.4 cup.ConclusionAccording to the NHANES data, the consumption of probiotics and yogurt has a beneficial effect on HS, whereas the MR results indicated it was not related to NAFLD. The RCS analysis indicates a J-shaped relationship between yogurt consumption and HS, which may account for the inconsistency in the results. Based on these findings, we recommend that adults take half a cup of yogurt daily. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T12:31:03Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c2bd43f4a47b40799670284f92c90b452024-04-08T04:37:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2024-04-011110.3389/fnut.2024.13349351334935Probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis: results from the NHANES 2011–2016 and Mendelian randomization studyYancheng Song0Yancheng Song1Wencong Guo2Wencong Guo3Junke Wang4Shuguang Liu5Zhaopeng Li6Yu Li7Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, ChinaLaboratory of Nephrology & Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaBackgroundRecent research showed that probiotics treatment may reduce insulin resistance, regulate lipid metabolism, raise liver enzyme levels, and ameliorate inflammation in individuals with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, the possible effects of probiotic use on the progression of hepatic steatosis (HS) have not been identified. The purpose of this study was to investigate this in a large population database.MethodsThe cross-sectional research was conducted among adults with complete data on probiotic yogurt consumption and HS in the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Probiotic yogurt consumption was assessed using a dietary supplement questionnaire, while HS was evaluated with HS index (HSI). To explore their relationship, weighted univariate regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and interaction analysis were conducted. To evaluate the causal association between yogurt consumption and NAFLD, mendelian randomization analysis (MR) were performed. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to analyze the relationship curve between the leves of yogurt consumption and hepatic steatosis.ResultsA total of 7,891 participants were included in the study represented 146.7 million non-institutionalized residents of the United States, of whom 4,322 (54.77%) were diagnosed with HS. Multivariable logistic regression showed probiotic yogurt consumption had significantly inverse relationship for HS (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72–0.97, p = 0.02) after adjusting for all covariates. Once more, the independent relationship between probiotic yogurt consumption and HS was verified by subgroup analysis and interaction analysis. The MR analysis results indicate that there is no causal relationship between yogurt consumption and NAFLD. The RCS model demonstrated a robust J-shaped link between yogurt consumption and HS, revealing a significant decrease in risk within the lower range of yogurt consumption, which attained the lowest risk close to 0.4 cup.ConclusionAccording to the NHANES data, the consumption of probiotics and yogurt has a beneficial effect on HS, whereas the MR results indicated it was not related to NAFLD. The RCS analysis indicates a J-shaped relationship between yogurt consumption and HS, which may account for the inconsistency in the results. Based on these findings, we recommend that adults take half a cup of yogurt daily.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1334935/fullprobioticyogurthepatic steatosisMAFLDpopulation-based studyNHANES |
| spellingShingle | Yancheng Song Yancheng Song Wencong Guo Wencong Guo Junke Wang Shuguang Liu Zhaopeng Li Yu Li Probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis: results from the NHANES 2011–2016 and Mendelian randomization study Frontiers in Nutrition probiotic yogurt hepatic steatosis MAFLD population-based study NHANES |
| title | Probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis: results from the NHANES 2011–2016 and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full | Probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis: results from the NHANES 2011–2016 and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_fullStr | Probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis: results from the NHANES 2011–2016 and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis: results from the NHANES 2011–2016 and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_short | Probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis: results from the NHANES 2011–2016 and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_sort | probiotic consumption and hepatic steatosis results from the nhanes 2011 2016 and mendelian randomization study |
| topic | probiotic yogurt hepatic steatosis MAFLD population-based study NHANES |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1334935/full |
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