Multimodal digital phenotyping of diet, physical activity, and glycemia in Hispanic/Latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes

Abstract Digital phenotyping refers to characterizing human bio-behavior through wearables, personal devices, and digital health technologies. Digital phenotyping in populations facing a disproportionate burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and health disparities continues to lag compared to other popula...

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Main Authors: Amruta Pai, Rony Santiago, Namino Glantz, Wendy Bevier, Souptik Barua, Ashutosh Sabharwal, David Kerr
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-01-01
Series:npj Digital Medicine
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00985-7
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author Amruta Pai
Rony Santiago
Namino Glantz
Wendy Bevier
Souptik Barua
Ashutosh Sabharwal
David Kerr
author_facet Amruta Pai
Rony Santiago
Namino Glantz
Wendy Bevier
Souptik Barua
Ashutosh Sabharwal
David Kerr
author_sort Amruta Pai
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Digital phenotyping refers to characterizing human bio-behavior through wearables, personal devices, and digital health technologies. Digital phenotyping in populations facing a disproportionate burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and health disparities continues to lag compared to other populations. Here, we report our study demonstrating the application of multimodal digital phenotyping, i.e., the simultaneous use of CGM, physical activity monitors, and meal tracking in Hispanic/Latino individuals with or at risk of T2D. For 14 days, 36 Hispanic/Latino adults (28 female, 14 with non-insulin treated T2D) wore a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and a physical activity monitor (Actigraph) while simultaneously logging meals using the MyFitnessPal app. We model meal events and daily digital biomarkers representing diet, physical activity choices, and corresponding glycemic response. We develop a digital biomarker for meal events that differentiates meal events into normal and elevated categories. We examine the contribution of daily digital biomarkers of elevated meal event count and step count on daily time-in-range 54-140 mg/dL (TIR54–140) and average glucose. After adjusting for step count, a change in elevated meal event count from zero to two decreases TIR54–140 by 4.0% (p = 0.003). An increase in 1000 steps in post-meal step count also reduces the meal event glucose response by 641 min mg/dL (p = 0.0006) and reduces the odds of an elevated meal event by 55% (p < 0.0001). The proposed meal event digital biomarkers may provide an opportunity for non-pharmacologic interventions for Hispanic/Latino adults facing a disproportionate burden of T2D.
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spelling doaj.art-c2c18b83258d478a9345e62b838173792024-01-14T12:37:39ZengNature Portfolionpj Digital Medicine2398-63522024-01-017111110.1038/s41746-023-00985-7Multimodal digital phenotyping of diet, physical activity, and glycemia in Hispanic/Latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetesAmruta Pai0Rony Santiago1Namino Glantz2Wendy Bevier3Souptik Barua4Ashutosh Sabharwal5David Kerr6Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice UniversitySansum Diabetes Research InstituteSanta Barbara County Education Office, Children & Family Resource ServicesSansum Diabetes Research InstituteElectrical and Computer Engineering, Rice UniversityElectrical and Computer Engineering, Rice UniversitySutter Center for Health Systems ResearchAbstract Digital phenotyping refers to characterizing human bio-behavior through wearables, personal devices, and digital health technologies. Digital phenotyping in populations facing a disproportionate burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and health disparities continues to lag compared to other populations. Here, we report our study demonstrating the application of multimodal digital phenotyping, i.e., the simultaneous use of CGM, physical activity monitors, and meal tracking in Hispanic/Latino individuals with or at risk of T2D. For 14 days, 36 Hispanic/Latino adults (28 female, 14 with non-insulin treated T2D) wore a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and a physical activity monitor (Actigraph) while simultaneously logging meals using the MyFitnessPal app. We model meal events and daily digital biomarkers representing diet, physical activity choices, and corresponding glycemic response. We develop a digital biomarker for meal events that differentiates meal events into normal and elevated categories. We examine the contribution of daily digital biomarkers of elevated meal event count and step count on daily time-in-range 54-140 mg/dL (TIR54–140) and average glucose. After adjusting for step count, a change in elevated meal event count from zero to two decreases TIR54–140 by 4.0% (p = 0.003). An increase in 1000 steps in post-meal step count also reduces the meal event glucose response by 641 min mg/dL (p = 0.0006) and reduces the odds of an elevated meal event by 55% (p < 0.0001). The proposed meal event digital biomarkers may provide an opportunity for non-pharmacologic interventions for Hispanic/Latino adults facing a disproportionate burden of T2D.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00985-7
spellingShingle Amruta Pai
Rony Santiago
Namino Glantz
Wendy Bevier
Souptik Barua
Ashutosh Sabharwal
David Kerr
Multimodal digital phenotyping of diet, physical activity, and glycemia in Hispanic/Latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes
npj Digital Medicine
title Multimodal digital phenotyping of diet, physical activity, and glycemia in Hispanic/Latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes
title_full Multimodal digital phenotyping of diet, physical activity, and glycemia in Hispanic/Latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes
title_fullStr Multimodal digital phenotyping of diet, physical activity, and glycemia in Hispanic/Latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Multimodal digital phenotyping of diet, physical activity, and glycemia in Hispanic/Latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes
title_short Multimodal digital phenotyping of diet, physical activity, and glycemia in Hispanic/Latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes
title_sort multimodal digital phenotyping of diet physical activity and glycemia in hispanic latino adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00985-7
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