Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation
Innovative strategies to re-establish the immune-mediated destruction of malignant cells is paramount to the success of anti-cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that radiotherapy and select chemotherapeutic drugs and small molecule inhibitors induce immunogenic cell stress on tumors that...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3826 |
| _version_ | 1797463440053239808 |
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| author | Kellsye P. Fabian Joshua T. Kowalczyk Sandy T. Reynolds James W. Hodge |
| author_facet | Kellsye P. Fabian Joshua T. Kowalczyk Sandy T. Reynolds James W. Hodge |
| author_sort | Kellsye P. Fabian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Innovative strategies to re-establish the immune-mediated destruction of malignant cells is paramount to the success of anti-cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that radiotherapy and select chemotherapeutic drugs and small molecule inhibitors induce immunogenic cell stress on tumors that results in improved immune recognition and targeting of the malignant cells. Through immunogenic cell death, which entails the release of antigens and danger signals, and immunogenic modulation, wherein the phenotype of stressed cells is altered to become more susceptible to immune attack, radiotherapies, chemotherapies, and small-molecule inhibitors exert immune-mediated anti-tumor responses. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of immunogenic cell death and immunogenic modulation and their relevance in the anti-tumor activity of radiotherapies, chemotherapies, and small-molecule inhibitors. Our aim is to feature the immunological aspects of conventional and targeted cancer therapies and highlight how these therapies may be compatible with emerging immunotherapy approaches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:51:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c2c1be39fb684dd49f86e2bb68ec661e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:51:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-c2c1be39fb684dd49f86e2bb68ec661e2023-11-24T10:44:26ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-11-011123382610.3390/cells11233826Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic ModulationKellsye P. Fabian0Joshua T. Kowalczyk1Sandy T. Reynolds2James W. Hodge3Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USACenter for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USACenter for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USACenter for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAInnovative strategies to re-establish the immune-mediated destruction of malignant cells is paramount to the success of anti-cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that radiotherapy and select chemotherapeutic drugs and small molecule inhibitors induce immunogenic cell stress on tumors that results in improved immune recognition and targeting of the malignant cells. Through immunogenic cell death, which entails the release of antigens and danger signals, and immunogenic modulation, wherein the phenotype of stressed cells is altered to become more susceptible to immune attack, radiotherapies, chemotherapies, and small-molecule inhibitors exert immune-mediated anti-tumor responses. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of immunogenic cell death and immunogenic modulation and their relevance in the anti-tumor activity of radiotherapies, chemotherapies, and small-molecule inhibitors. Our aim is to feature the immunological aspects of conventional and targeted cancer therapies and highlight how these therapies may be compatible with emerging immunotherapy approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3826immunogenic cell stressimmunogenic cell deathimmunogenic modulationchemotherapyradiotherapysmall molecule inhibitor |
| spellingShingle | Kellsye P. Fabian Joshua T. Kowalczyk Sandy T. Reynolds James W. Hodge Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation Cells immunogenic cell stress immunogenic cell death immunogenic modulation chemotherapy radiotherapy small molecule inhibitor |
| title | Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation |
| title_full | Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation |
| title_fullStr | Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation |
| title_short | Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation |
| title_sort | dying of stress chemotherapy radiotherapy and small molecule inhibitors in immunogenic cell death and immunogenic modulation |
| topic | immunogenic cell stress immunogenic cell death immunogenic modulation chemotherapy radiotherapy small molecule inhibitor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3826 |
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