An X-Band CMOS Digital Phased Array Radar from Hardware to Software
Phased array technology features rapid and directional scanning and has become a promising approach for remote sensing and wireless communication. In addition, element-level digitization has increased the feasibility of complicated signal processing and simultaneous multi-beamforming processes. Howe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7382 |
| _version_ | 1827677831842234368 |
|---|---|
| author | Yue-Ming Wu Hao-Chung Chou Cheng-Yung Ke Chien-Cheng Wang Chien-Te Li Li-Han Chang Borching Su Ta-Shun Chu Yu-Jiu Wang |
| author_facet | Yue-Ming Wu Hao-Chung Chou Cheng-Yung Ke Chien-Cheng Wang Chien-Te Li Li-Han Chang Borching Su Ta-Shun Chu Yu-Jiu Wang |
| author_sort | Yue-Ming Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phased array technology features rapid and directional scanning and has become a promising approach for remote sensing and wireless communication. In addition, element-level digitization has increased the feasibility of complicated signal processing and simultaneous multi-beamforming processes. However, the high cost and bulky characteristics of beam-steering systems have prevented their extensive application. In this paper, an X-band element-level digital phased array radar utilizing fully integrated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transceivers is proposed for achieving a low-cost and compact-size digital beamforming system. An 8–10 GHz transceiver system-on-chip (SoC) fabricated in 65 nm CMOS technology offers baseband filtering, frequency translation, and global clock synchronization through the proposed periodic pulse injection technique. A 16-element subarray module with an SoC integration, antenna-in-package, and tile array configuration achieves digital beamforming, back-end computing, and dc–dc conversion with a size of 317 × 149 × 74.6 mm<sup>3</sup>. A radar demonstrator with scalable subarray modules simultaneously realizes range sensing and azimuth recognition for pulsed radar configurations. Captured by the suggested software-defined pulsed radar, a complete range–azimuth figure with a 1 km maximum observation range can be displayed within 150 ms under the current implementation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:52:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c2e08ea043f44a87bab3e6e992238a97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:52:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-c2e08ea043f44a87bab3e6e992238a972023-11-22T21:40:51ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-11-012121738210.3390/s21217382An X-Band CMOS Digital Phased Array Radar from Hardware to SoftwareYue-Ming Wu0Hao-Chung Chou1Cheng-Yung Ke2Chien-Cheng Wang3Chien-Te Li4Li-Han Chang5Borching Su6Ta-Shun Chu7Yu-Jiu Wang8Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanTron Future Tech Inc., Hsinchu 300042, TaiwanTron Future Tech Inc., Hsinchu 300042, TaiwanTron Future Tech Inc., Hsinchu 300042, TaiwanTron Future Tech Inc., Hsinchu 300042, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanTron Future Tech Inc., Hsinchu 300042, TaiwanPhased array technology features rapid and directional scanning and has become a promising approach for remote sensing and wireless communication. In addition, element-level digitization has increased the feasibility of complicated signal processing and simultaneous multi-beamforming processes. However, the high cost and bulky characteristics of beam-steering systems have prevented their extensive application. In this paper, an X-band element-level digital phased array radar utilizing fully integrated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transceivers is proposed for achieving a low-cost and compact-size digital beamforming system. An 8–10 GHz transceiver system-on-chip (SoC) fabricated in 65 nm CMOS technology offers baseband filtering, frequency translation, and global clock synchronization through the proposed periodic pulse injection technique. A 16-element subarray module with an SoC integration, antenna-in-package, and tile array configuration achieves digital beamforming, back-end computing, and dc–dc conversion with a size of 317 × 149 × 74.6 mm<sup>3</sup>. A radar demonstrator with scalable subarray modules simultaneously realizes range sensing and azimuth recognition for pulsed radar configurations. Captured by the suggested software-defined pulsed radar, a complete range–azimuth figure with a 1 km maximum observation range can be displayed within 150 ms under the current implementation.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7382antenna-in-package (AiP)complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)digital beamforming (DBF)digital array radarphased arraypulsed radar |
| spellingShingle | Yue-Ming Wu Hao-Chung Chou Cheng-Yung Ke Chien-Cheng Wang Chien-Te Li Li-Han Chang Borching Su Ta-Shun Chu Yu-Jiu Wang An X-Band CMOS Digital Phased Array Radar from Hardware to Software Sensors antenna-in-package (AiP) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) digital beamforming (DBF) digital array radar phased array pulsed radar |
| title | An X-Band CMOS Digital Phased Array Radar from Hardware to Software |
| title_full | An X-Band CMOS Digital Phased Array Radar from Hardware to Software |
| title_fullStr | An X-Band CMOS Digital Phased Array Radar from Hardware to Software |
| title_full_unstemmed | An X-Band CMOS Digital Phased Array Radar from Hardware to Software |
| title_short | An X-Band CMOS Digital Phased Array Radar from Hardware to Software |
| title_sort | x band cmos digital phased array radar from hardware to software |
| topic | antenna-in-package (AiP) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) digital beamforming (DBF) digital array radar phased array pulsed radar |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7382 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yuemingwu anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT haochungchou anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT chengyungke anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT chienchengwang anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT chienteli anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT lihanchang anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT borchingsu anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT tashunchu anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT yujiuwang anxbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT yuemingwu xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT haochungchou xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT chengyungke xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT chienchengwang xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT chienteli xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT lihanchang xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT borchingsu xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT tashunchu xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware AT yujiuwang xbandcmosdigitalphasedarrayradarfromhardwaretosoftware |