Methane Mitigation Potential of Foliage of Fodder Trees Mixed at Two Levels with a Tropical Grass
Enteric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emitted by ruminant species is known as one of the main greenhouse gases produced by the agricultural sector. The objective of this study was to assess the potential the potential for CH<sub>4</sub> mitigation and additionally the chemical com...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/100 |
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| author | Sara Stephanie Valencia-Salazar Guillermo Jiménez-Ferrer Isabel Cristina Molina-Botero Juan Carlos Ku-Vera Ngonidzashe Chirinda Jacobo Arango |
| author_facet | Sara Stephanie Valencia-Salazar Guillermo Jiménez-Ferrer Isabel Cristina Molina-Botero Juan Carlos Ku-Vera Ngonidzashe Chirinda Jacobo Arango |
| author_sort | Sara Stephanie Valencia-Salazar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enteric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emitted by ruminant species is known as one of the main greenhouse gases produced by the agricultural sector. The objective of this study was to assess the potential the potential for CH<sub>4</sub> mitigation and additionally the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, dry matter degradation (DMD), digestibility and CO<sub>2</sub> production of five tropical tree species with novel forage potential including: <i>Spondias mombin</i>, <i>Acacia pennatula</i>, <i>Parmentiera aculeata</i>, <i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> and <i>Bursera simaruba</i> mixed at two levels of inclusion (15 and 30%) with a tropical grass (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>). The forage samples were incubated for 48 h, and a randomized complete block design was used. Crude protein content was similar across treatments (135 ± 42 g kg<sup>−1</sup> DM), while <i>P. purpureum</i> was characterized by a high content of acid detergent fiber (335.9 g kg<sup>−1</sup> DM) and <i>B. simaruba</i> by a high concentration of condensed tannins (20 g kg<sup>−1</sup> DM). Likewise, <i>A. pennatula</i> and <i>P. aculeata</i> were characterized by a high content of cyanogenic glycosides and alkaloids respectively. Treatments SM30-PP70 (30% <i>S. mombin</i> + 70% <i>P. purpureum</i>) and BA30-PP70 (30% <i>B. alicastrum</i> + 70% <i>P. purpureum</i>) resulted in superior degradability at 48h than <i>P. purpureum</i>, while in the AP30-PP70 (30% <i>A. pennatula</i> + 70% <i>P. purpureum</i>) was lower than the control treatment (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). At 24 and 48 h, treatments that contained <i>P. aculeata</i> and <i>B. alicastrum</i> yield higher CH<sub>4</sub> mL g<sup>−1</sup> DOM than <i>P. purpureum</i> (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). The inclusion of these forage species had no statistical effect on the reduction of CH<sub>4</sub> emissions per unit of DM incubated or degraded at 24 and 48 h with respect to <i>P. purpureum</i> although reductions were observed. The use of fodders locally available is an economic and viable strategy for the mitigation of the environmental impact generated from tropical livestock systems. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c2e0e8546da444ffbe6742cb3c57c8fc2023-11-23T12:38:15ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-12-0112110010.3390/agronomy12010100Methane Mitigation Potential of Foliage of Fodder Trees Mixed at Two Levels with a Tropical GrassSara Stephanie Valencia-Salazar0Guillermo Jiménez-Ferrer1Isabel Cristina Molina-Botero2Juan Carlos Ku-Vera3Ngonidzashe Chirinda4Jacobo Arango5The College of the Southern Border (ECOSUR), Livestock and Environment, Carrera Panamericana—Periferico sur, P.C., San Cristobal de las Casas 29290, MexicoThe College of the Southern Border (ECOSUR), Livestock and Environment, Carrera Panamericana—Periferico sur, P.C., San Cristobal de las Casas 29290, MexicoDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Universidad Agraria La Molina, La Molina, P.C., Lima 12456, PeruFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Yucatan, Carretera Merida-Xmatkuil km 15.5, Apdo. 4-116 Itzimná, P.C., Merida 97100, MexicoInternational Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), km 17, Recta Cali-Palmira, Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Cali, P.C., Cali 763537, ColombiaInternational Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), km 17, Recta Cali-Palmira, Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Cali, P.C., Cali 763537, ColombiaEnteric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emitted by ruminant species is known as one of the main greenhouse gases produced by the agricultural sector. The objective of this study was to assess the potential the potential for CH<sub>4</sub> mitigation and additionally the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, dry matter degradation (DMD), digestibility and CO<sub>2</sub> production of five tropical tree species with novel forage potential including: <i>Spondias mombin</i>, <i>Acacia pennatula</i>, <i>Parmentiera aculeata</i>, <i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> and <i>Bursera simaruba</i> mixed at two levels of inclusion (15 and 30%) with a tropical grass (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>). The forage samples were incubated for 48 h, and a randomized complete block design was used. Crude protein content was similar across treatments (135 ± 42 g kg<sup>−1</sup> DM), while <i>P. purpureum</i> was characterized by a high content of acid detergent fiber (335.9 g kg<sup>−1</sup> DM) and <i>B. simaruba</i> by a high concentration of condensed tannins (20 g kg<sup>−1</sup> DM). Likewise, <i>A. pennatula</i> and <i>P. aculeata</i> were characterized by a high content of cyanogenic glycosides and alkaloids respectively. Treatments SM30-PP70 (30% <i>S. mombin</i> + 70% <i>P. purpureum</i>) and BA30-PP70 (30% <i>B. alicastrum</i> + 70% <i>P. purpureum</i>) resulted in superior degradability at 48h than <i>P. purpureum</i>, while in the AP30-PP70 (30% <i>A. pennatula</i> + 70% <i>P. purpureum</i>) was lower than the control treatment (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). At 24 and 48 h, treatments that contained <i>P. aculeata</i> and <i>B. alicastrum</i> yield higher CH<sub>4</sub> mL g<sup>−1</sup> DOM than <i>P. purpureum</i> (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). The inclusion of these forage species had no statistical effect on the reduction of CH<sub>4</sub> emissions per unit of DM incubated or degraded at 24 and 48 h with respect to <i>P. purpureum</i> although reductions were observed. The use of fodders locally available is an economic and viable strategy for the mitigation of the environmental impact generated from tropical livestock systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/100in vitrogreenhouse gasesruminal degradationsecondary metabolitestropical livestock systems |
| spellingShingle | Sara Stephanie Valencia-Salazar Guillermo Jiménez-Ferrer Isabel Cristina Molina-Botero Juan Carlos Ku-Vera Ngonidzashe Chirinda Jacobo Arango Methane Mitigation Potential of Foliage of Fodder Trees Mixed at Two Levels with a Tropical Grass Agronomy in vitro greenhouse gases ruminal degradation secondary metabolites tropical livestock systems |
| title | Methane Mitigation Potential of Foliage of Fodder Trees Mixed at Two Levels with a Tropical Grass |
| title_full | Methane Mitigation Potential of Foliage of Fodder Trees Mixed at Two Levels with a Tropical Grass |
| title_fullStr | Methane Mitigation Potential of Foliage of Fodder Trees Mixed at Two Levels with a Tropical Grass |
| title_full_unstemmed | Methane Mitigation Potential of Foliage of Fodder Trees Mixed at Two Levels with a Tropical Grass |
| title_short | Methane Mitigation Potential of Foliage of Fodder Trees Mixed at Two Levels with a Tropical Grass |
| title_sort | methane mitigation potential of foliage of fodder trees mixed at two levels with a tropical grass |
| topic | in vitro greenhouse gases ruminal degradation secondary metabolites tropical livestock systems |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/100 |
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