The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta-analysis.
<h4>Background</h4>The adaptation process for first-year medical students is an important problem because it significantly affects educational activities. The previous study showed that 63% of students had difficulties adapting to the learning process in their first year at medical schoo...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277339 |
| _version_ | 1797959532072140800 |
|---|---|
| author | Ida Bagus Amertha Putra Manuaba Yi -No Chien-Chih Wu |
| author_facet | Ida Bagus Amertha Putra Manuaba Yi -No Chien-Chih Wu |
| author_sort | Ida Bagus Amertha Putra Manuaba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>The adaptation process for first-year medical students is an important problem because it significantly affects educational activities. The previous study showed that 63% of students had difficulties adapting to the learning process in their first year at medical school. Therefore, students need the most suitable learning style to support the educational process, such as Problem-based learning (PBL). This method can improve critical thinking skills, problem-solving and self-directed learning. Although PBL has been adopted in medical education, the effectiveness of PBL in first-year medical students is still not yet clear. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to verify whether the PBL approach has a positive effect in improving knowledge, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students compared with the conventional method.<h4>Methods</h4>We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases until June 5, 2021. Search terms included problem-based learning, effectiveness, effectivity, and medical student. We excluded studies with the final-year medical student populations. All analyses in our study were carried out using Review Manager version 5.3 (RevMan Cochrane, London, UK).<h4>Result</h4>Seven eligible studies (622 patients) were included. The pooled analysis demonstrated no significant difference between PBL with conventional learning method in critical thinking/knowledge assessment (p = 0.29), problem-solving aspect (p = 0.47), and self-directed learning aspect (p = 0.34).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The present study concluded that the PBL approach in first-year medical students appeared to be ineffective in improving critical thinking/knowledge, problem-solving, and self-directed compared with the conventional teaching method. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:34:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c2ed6f984fef48bd9210e9dfc1e00f77 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:34:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-c2ed6f984fef48bd9210e9dfc1e00f772023-01-07T05:31:04ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-011711e027733910.1371/journal.pone.0277339The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta-analysis.Ida Bagus Amertha Putra ManuabaYi -NoChien-Chih Wu<h4>Background</h4>The adaptation process for first-year medical students is an important problem because it significantly affects educational activities. The previous study showed that 63% of students had difficulties adapting to the learning process in their first year at medical school. Therefore, students need the most suitable learning style to support the educational process, such as Problem-based learning (PBL). This method can improve critical thinking skills, problem-solving and self-directed learning. Although PBL has been adopted in medical education, the effectiveness of PBL in first-year medical students is still not yet clear. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to verify whether the PBL approach has a positive effect in improving knowledge, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students compared with the conventional method.<h4>Methods</h4>We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases until June 5, 2021. Search terms included problem-based learning, effectiveness, effectivity, and medical student. We excluded studies with the final-year medical student populations. All analyses in our study were carried out using Review Manager version 5.3 (RevMan Cochrane, London, UK).<h4>Result</h4>Seven eligible studies (622 patients) were included. The pooled analysis demonstrated no significant difference between PBL with conventional learning method in critical thinking/knowledge assessment (p = 0.29), problem-solving aspect (p = 0.47), and self-directed learning aspect (p = 0.34).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The present study concluded that the PBL approach in first-year medical students appeared to be ineffective in improving critical thinking/knowledge, problem-solving, and self-directed compared with the conventional teaching method.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277339 |
| spellingShingle | Ida Bagus Amertha Putra Manuaba Yi -No Chien-Chih Wu The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta-analysis. PLoS ONE |
| title | The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta-analysis. |
| title_full | The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta-analysis. |
| title_fullStr | The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta-analysis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta-analysis. |
| title_short | The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta-analysis. |
| title_sort | effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking problem solving and self directed learning in first year medical students a meta analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277339 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT idabagusamerthaputramanuaba theeffectivenessofproblembasedlearninginimprovingcriticalthinkingproblemsolvingandselfdirectedlearninginfirstyearmedicalstudentsametaanalysis AT yino theeffectivenessofproblembasedlearninginimprovingcriticalthinkingproblemsolvingandselfdirectedlearninginfirstyearmedicalstudentsametaanalysis AT chienchihwu theeffectivenessofproblembasedlearninginimprovingcriticalthinkingproblemsolvingandselfdirectedlearninginfirstyearmedicalstudentsametaanalysis AT idabagusamerthaputramanuaba effectivenessofproblembasedlearninginimprovingcriticalthinkingproblemsolvingandselfdirectedlearninginfirstyearmedicalstudentsametaanalysis AT yino effectivenessofproblembasedlearninginimprovingcriticalthinkingproblemsolvingandselfdirectedlearninginfirstyearmedicalstudentsametaanalysis AT chienchihwu effectivenessofproblembasedlearninginimprovingcriticalthinkingproblemsolvingandselfdirectedlearninginfirstyearmedicalstudentsametaanalysis |