Comparisons of economic thresholds for Asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yield
Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening disease is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. Vector control is considered a basic component of HLB management even under high disease incidence scenarios. While vector management heavily relies on the application of synthetic c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.948278/full |
| _version_ | 1811285767889092608 |
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| author | Xue Dong Chen Xue Dong Chen Dara Stockton Hunter Gossett Jawwad A. Qureshi Freddy Ibanez Kirsten S. Pelz-Stelinski Lukasz L. Stelinski |
| author_facet | Xue Dong Chen Xue Dong Chen Dara Stockton Hunter Gossett Jawwad A. Qureshi Freddy Ibanez Kirsten S. Pelz-Stelinski Lukasz L. Stelinski |
| author_sort | Xue Dong Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening disease is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. Vector control is considered a basic component of HLB management even under high disease incidence scenarios. While vector management heavily relies on the application of synthetic chemical sprays, overuse of insecticides raises several concerns including insecticide resistance, environmental impacts, and secondary pest outbreaks. The present study aims to compare the effects of three different economic thresholds (ET-0.2, 0.5, 1.0) and one calendar-based application schedule on the incidence of D. citri and beneficial species in plots of commercially grown citrus, as well as end-of-season yield and overall management costs. The results suggest that reducing spray frequency from eight to as few as three sprays per year had little effect on counts of pest and beneficial insects in the field. The numbers of D. citri and that of a secondary weevil pest were similar between plots treated with the calendar-based spray plots and plots managed with the ET-1.0. Furthermore, spider numbers were higher in the ET-1.0 plots, while ant numbers were lower compared with calendar sprayed plots. Management input costs were lower under economic thresholds (ET-0.5–ET-1.0) than with monthly calendar-based sprays, while yield losses were only slightly greater in the lower threshold of 0.2 mean psyllids per tap than with calendar sprays. Overall, management savings of more than 100% made up for this difference. Together, these results suggest that implementing a spray program of rotated chemistries based on an economic threshold of 0.5–1.0 adult psyllids per stem tap could provide both economic and ecological benefits. We discuss the implications of such an approach in the context of a young citrus tree protection program and the greater goals of sustainable citrus production under HLB. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:48:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c2f41f7b28aa46d798c3bc91cf26e396 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-581X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:48:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-c2f41f7b28aa46d798c3bc91cf26e3962022-12-22T03:05:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2022-08-01610.3389/fsufs.2022.948278948278Comparisons of economic thresholds for Asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yieldXue Dong Chen0Xue Dong Chen1Dara Stockton2Hunter Gossett3Jawwad A. Qureshi4Freddy Ibanez5Kirsten S. Pelz-Stelinski6Lukasz L. Stelinski7Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL, United StatesEntomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Immokalee, FL, United StatesUSDA-ARS, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, United StatesEntomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL, United StatesEntomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Immokalee, FL, United StatesEntomology and Insect Vector Biology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX, United StatesEntomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL, United StatesEntomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL, United StatesHuanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening disease is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. Vector control is considered a basic component of HLB management even under high disease incidence scenarios. While vector management heavily relies on the application of synthetic chemical sprays, overuse of insecticides raises several concerns including insecticide resistance, environmental impacts, and secondary pest outbreaks. The present study aims to compare the effects of three different economic thresholds (ET-0.2, 0.5, 1.0) and one calendar-based application schedule on the incidence of D. citri and beneficial species in plots of commercially grown citrus, as well as end-of-season yield and overall management costs. The results suggest that reducing spray frequency from eight to as few as three sprays per year had little effect on counts of pest and beneficial insects in the field. The numbers of D. citri and that of a secondary weevil pest were similar between plots treated with the calendar-based spray plots and plots managed with the ET-1.0. Furthermore, spider numbers were higher in the ET-1.0 plots, while ant numbers were lower compared with calendar sprayed plots. Management input costs were lower under economic thresholds (ET-0.5–ET-1.0) than with monthly calendar-based sprays, while yield losses were only slightly greater in the lower threshold of 0.2 mean psyllids per tap than with calendar sprays. Overall, management savings of more than 100% made up for this difference. Together, these results suggest that implementing a spray program of rotated chemistries based on an economic threshold of 0.5–1.0 adult psyllids per stem tap could provide both economic and ecological benefits. We discuss the implications of such an approach in the context of a young citrus tree protection program and the greater goals of sustainable citrus production under HLB.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.948278/fullcitrus greening diseaseAsian citrus psyllid (ACP)sustainable agricultureeconomic thresholdrotational applicationnatural enemy |
| spellingShingle | Xue Dong Chen Xue Dong Chen Dara Stockton Hunter Gossett Jawwad A. Qureshi Freddy Ibanez Kirsten S. Pelz-Stelinski Lukasz L. Stelinski Comparisons of economic thresholds for Asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yield Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems citrus greening disease Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) sustainable agriculture economic threshold rotational application natural enemy |
| title | Comparisons of economic thresholds for Asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yield |
| title_full | Comparisons of economic thresholds for Asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yield |
| title_fullStr | Comparisons of economic thresholds for Asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yield |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparisons of economic thresholds for Asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yield |
| title_short | Comparisons of economic thresholds for Asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yield |
| title_sort | comparisons of economic thresholds for asian citrus psyllid management suggest a revised approach to reduce management costs and improve yield |
| topic | citrus greening disease Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) sustainable agriculture economic threshold rotational application natural enemy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.948278/full |
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