Humoral and T-Cell Mediated Response after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Belimumab
Objective: To evaluate humoral and T-cell cellular-mediated immune response after three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) under Belimumab. Patients and methods: 12 patients on Belimumab and 13 age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited. Patients...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/1083 |
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| author | Luca Quartuccio Ginevra De Marchi Rossana Domenis Nicola Cabas Silvia Guella Antonella Paradiso Cinzia Fabro Antonio Paolo Beltrami Salvatore De Vita Francesco Curcio |
| author_facet | Luca Quartuccio Ginevra De Marchi Rossana Domenis Nicola Cabas Silvia Guella Antonella Paradiso Cinzia Fabro Antonio Paolo Beltrami Salvatore De Vita Francesco Curcio |
| author_sort | Luca Quartuccio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To evaluate humoral and T-cell cellular-mediated immune response after three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) under Belimumab. Patients and methods: 12 patients on Belimumab and 13 age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited. Patients were in remission or in low disease activity, and they were taking no corticosteroids or only low doses. None of the patients and controls had detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies due to previous exposure to the virus. All the patients received three doses of mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the humoral and cellular-mediated response were tested 4 weeks after the second dose (T0), 6 months after the second dose (T1) and 4 weeks after the third dose (T2). Comparison with the control group was performed at time T0 (i.e., 4 weeks after the second dose). Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies were analyzed using a diagnostic assay, while cellular-mediated response was evaluated using the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). Results: A humoral response was documented in all the patients at T0 (median 459; IQR 225.25–758.5), but the antibody titer significantly declined from T0 to T1 (median 44.7; IQR: 30.3–202; <i>p</i> = 0.0066). At T2, the antibody titer significantly increased from T1 (median 2500; IQR: 2500–2500), and it was not different from T0 (respectively <i>p</i> < 0.0001, <i>p</i> = 0.66). Cellular-mediated response significantly declined from T0 to T1 (<i>p</i> = 0.003) but not from T0 to T2 (<i>p</i> = 0.3). No differences were found between patients and controls at T0 as regards both humoral and cellular responses (<i>p</i> = 1.0 and <i>p</i> = 0.09 for humoral and cellular responses, respectively). Conclusion: The third dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine can restore both humoral and cellular immune response in SLE patients on Belimumab. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:38:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c300b647486b4c10aec14c99fdf00b13 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:38:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c300b647486b4c10aec14c99fdf00b132023-11-16T17:11:29ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-01-01123108310.3390/jcm12031083Humoral and T-Cell Mediated Response after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on BelimumabLuca Quartuccio0Ginevra De Marchi1Rossana Domenis2Nicola Cabas3Silvia Guella4Antonella Paradiso5Cinzia Fabro6Antonio Paolo Beltrami7Salvatore De Vita8Francesco Curcio9Division of Rheumatology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyDivision of Rheumatology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Pathology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyDivision of Rheumatology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyDivision of Rheumatology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Pathology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyDivision of Rheumatology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Pathology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyDivision of Rheumatology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Pathology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, ASUFC, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyObjective: To evaluate humoral and T-cell cellular-mediated immune response after three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) under Belimumab. Patients and methods: 12 patients on Belimumab and 13 age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited. Patients were in remission or in low disease activity, and they were taking no corticosteroids or only low doses. None of the patients and controls had detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies due to previous exposure to the virus. All the patients received three doses of mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the humoral and cellular-mediated response were tested 4 weeks after the second dose (T0), 6 months after the second dose (T1) and 4 weeks after the third dose (T2). Comparison with the control group was performed at time T0 (i.e., 4 weeks after the second dose). Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies were analyzed using a diagnostic assay, while cellular-mediated response was evaluated using the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). Results: A humoral response was documented in all the patients at T0 (median 459; IQR 225.25–758.5), but the antibody titer significantly declined from T0 to T1 (median 44.7; IQR: 30.3–202; <i>p</i> = 0.0066). At T2, the antibody titer significantly increased from T1 (median 2500; IQR: 2500–2500), and it was not different from T0 (respectively <i>p</i> < 0.0001, <i>p</i> = 0.66). Cellular-mediated response significantly declined from T0 to T1 (<i>p</i> = 0.003) but not from T0 to T2 (<i>p</i> = 0.3). No differences were found between patients and controls at T0 as regards both humoral and cellular responses (<i>p</i> = 1.0 and <i>p</i> = 0.09 for humoral and cellular responses, respectively). Conclusion: The third dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine can restore both humoral and cellular immune response in SLE patients on Belimumab.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/1083lupusbelimumabvaccinecoronavirusCOVID-19immunity |
| spellingShingle | Luca Quartuccio Ginevra De Marchi Rossana Domenis Nicola Cabas Silvia Guella Antonella Paradiso Cinzia Fabro Antonio Paolo Beltrami Salvatore De Vita Francesco Curcio Humoral and T-Cell Mediated Response after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Belimumab Journal of Clinical Medicine lupus belimumab vaccine coronavirus COVID-19 immunity |
| title | Humoral and T-Cell Mediated Response after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Belimumab |
| title_full | Humoral and T-Cell Mediated Response after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Belimumab |
| title_fullStr | Humoral and T-Cell Mediated Response after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Belimumab |
| title_full_unstemmed | Humoral and T-Cell Mediated Response after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Belimumab |
| title_short | Humoral and T-Cell Mediated Response after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Belimumab |
| title_sort | humoral and t cell mediated response after the third dose of mrna vaccines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus on belimumab |
| topic | lupus belimumab vaccine coronavirus COVID-19 immunity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/1083 |
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