A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan Medicine
Gentianaceae is a large plant family and is distributed worldwide. As the largest tribe in Gentianaceae, Gentianeae contains 939–968 species, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas are the main centers of diversity for Gentianeae. Species from the Gentianeae are widely used in traditional...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2383 |
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| author | Xiaofeng Chi Faqi Zhang Qingbo Gao Rui Xing Shilong Chen |
| author_facet | Xiaofeng Chi Faqi Zhang Qingbo Gao Rui Xing Shilong Chen |
| author_sort | Xiaofeng Chi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gentianaceae is a large plant family and is distributed worldwide. As the largest tribe in Gentianaceae, Gentianeae contains 939–968 species, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas are the main centers of diversity for Gentianeae. Species from the Gentianeae are widely used in traditional Tibetan medicine. In this review, a systematic and constructive overview of the information on botany, ethnomedicinal usage, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of Gentianeae in Tibetan medicine is provided. The results of this study are based on a literature search, including electronic databases, books, websites, papers, and conference proceedings. Botanical studies showed that Gentianeae includes the subtribe Gentianeae and Swertiinae, and several new genera and taxa have been identified. Approximately 83 species from Gentianeae were used in Tibetan medicine, among which <i>Gentiana</i> and <i>Swertia</i> constituted the largest number of species with 42 and 24 species, respectively. The species from Gentianeae are mainly used as Bangjian (སྤང་རྒྱན།), Jieji (ཀྱི་ལྕེ།), Dida (ཏིག་ཏ།), and Ganggaqiong (གང་གྰཆུང་།) in Tibetan medicine with different clinical applications. More than 240 formulas were found containing Gentianeae species with different attending functions. Phytochemical studies showed that the main active components of Gentianeae species are iridoids, xanthones, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. The bioactivities of plants from Gentianeae include hepatic protection, upper respiratory tract protection, joint and bone protection, glucose regulation, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral effects. This review will provide a reference for future research on natural resource protection, plant-based drug development, and further clinical investigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:07:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c305de3e17cd403e8f54127e62a860f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:07:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-c305de3e17cd403e8f54127e62a860f32023-11-23T01:04:47ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-11-011011238310.3390/plants10112383A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan MedicineXiaofeng Chi0Faqi Zhang1Qingbo Gao2Rui Xing3Shilong Chen4Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, ChinaNorthwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, ChinaNorthwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, ChinaNorthwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, ChinaNorthwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, ChinaGentianaceae is a large plant family and is distributed worldwide. As the largest tribe in Gentianaceae, Gentianeae contains 939–968 species, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas are the main centers of diversity for Gentianeae. Species from the Gentianeae are widely used in traditional Tibetan medicine. In this review, a systematic and constructive overview of the information on botany, ethnomedicinal usage, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of Gentianeae in Tibetan medicine is provided. The results of this study are based on a literature search, including electronic databases, books, websites, papers, and conference proceedings. Botanical studies showed that Gentianeae includes the subtribe Gentianeae and Swertiinae, and several new genera and taxa have been identified. Approximately 83 species from Gentianeae were used in Tibetan medicine, among which <i>Gentiana</i> and <i>Swertia</i> constituted the largest number of species with 42 and 24 species, respectively. The species from Gentianeae are mainly used as Bangjian (སྤང་རྒྱན།), Jieji (ཀྱི་ལྕེ།), Dida (ཏིག་ཏ།), and Ganggaqiong (གང་གྰཆུང་།) in Tibetan medicine with different clinical applications. More than 240 formulas were found containing Gentianeae species with different attending functions. Phytochemical studies showed that the main active components of Gentianeae species are iridoids, xanthones, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. The bioactivities of plants from Gentianeae include hepatic protection, upper respiratory tract protection, joint and bone protection, glucose regulation, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral effects. This review will provide a reference for future research on natural resource protection, plant-based drug development, and further clinical investigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2383Gentianeaeethnomedicinal usagephytochemistrypharmacological propertiesTibetan medicine |
| spellingShingle | Xiaofeng Chi Faqi Zhang Qingbo Gao Rui Xing Shilong Chen A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan Medicine Plants Gentianeae ethnomedicinal usage phytochemistry pharmacological properties Tibetan medicine |
| title | A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan Medicine |
| title_full | A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan Medicine |
| title_fullStr | A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan Medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan Medicine |
| title_short | A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan Medicine |
| title_sort | review on the ethnomedicinal usage phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of gentianeae gentianaceae in tibetan medicine |
| topic | Gentianeae ethnomedicinal usage phytochemistry pharmacological properties Tibetan medicine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2383 |
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