Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation
Currently, HIV-1 displays a substantial level of genetic diversity on a global scale, partly attributed to its recombinant variants. This study seeks to identify and analyze HIV-1 recombinants in Russia during the last decade of the epidemic. A comprehensive examination was conducted, encompassing 3...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/12/2312 |
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| author | Anastasiia Antonova Elena Kazennova Aleksey Lebedev Ekaterina Ozhmegova Anna Kuznetsova Aleksandr Tumanov Marina Bobkova |
| author_facet | Anastasiia Antonova Elena Kazennova Aleksey Lebedev Ekaterina Ozhmegova Anna Kuznetsova Aleksandr Tumanov Marina Bobkova |
| author_sort | Anastasiia Antonova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Currently, HIV-1 displays a substantial level of genetic diversity on a global scale, partly attributed to its recombinant variants. This study seeks to identify and analyze HIV-1 recombinants in Russia during the last decade of the epidemic. A comprehensive examination was conducted, encompassing 3178 partial pol sequences. Subtyping was achieved through various programs including COMET, the Stanford Database, REGA, jpHMM, RIP, and RDP4 for recombination analysis. The study also involved phylogenetic analysis to trace the origins of the identified recombinants. Primary resistance (PrimDR) prevalence and Drug Resistance Mutations (DRMs) were assessed. The study uncovered an overall proportion of recombinants at 8.7%, with a statistically significant increase in their frequency observed over time (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The Northwestern (18.5%) and Siberian (15.0%) Federal Districts exhibited a high prevalence of recombinants, while the Volga (1.9%) and Ural (2.8%) Federal Districts had a lower prevalence. Among HIV-1 recombinants, a PrimDR prevalence of 11.4% was identified. Notably, significant differences in DRMs were observed, with a higher prevalence of M184V in sub-subtype A6 (<i>p</i> = 0.018) and K103N in CRF63_02A6 (<i>p</i> = 0.002). These findings underscore the increasing HIV-1 genetic diversity and highlight a substantial prevalence of PrimDR among its recombinant forms, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing systematic monitoring. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c31a06d4b53f48ceb2fc09ec71761aea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:17:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-c31a06d4b53f48ceb2fc09ec71761aea2023-12-22T14:49:02ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-11-011512231210.3390/v15122312Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian FederationAnastasiia Antonova0Elena Kazennova1Aleksey Lebedev2Ekaterina Ozhmegova3Anna Kuznetsova4Aleksandr Tumanov5Marina Bobkova6The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, RussiaThe National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, RussiaThe National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, RussiaThe National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, RussiaThe National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, RussiaThe National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, RussiaI. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, RussiaCurrently, HIV-1 displays a substantial level of genetic diversity on a global scale, partly attributed to its recombinant variants. This study seeks to identify and analyze HIV-1 recombinants in Russia during the last decade of the epidemic. A comprehensive examination was conducted, encompassing 3178 partial pol sequences. Subtyping was achieved through various programs including COMET, the Stanford Database, REGA, jpHMM, RIP, and RDP4 for recombination analysis. The study also involved phylogenetic analysis to trace the origins of the identified recombinants. Primary resistance (PrimDR) prevalence and Drug Resistance Mutations (DRMs) were assessed. The study uncovered an overall proportion of recombinants at 8.7%, with a statistically significant increase in their frequency observed over time (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The Northwestern (18.5%) and Siberian (15.0%) Federal Districts exhibited a high prevalence of recombinants, while the Volga (1.9%) and Ural (2.8%) Federal Districts had a lower prevalence. Among HIV-1 recombinants, a PrimDR prevalence of 11.4% was identified. Notably, significant differences in DRMs were observed, with a higher prevalence of M184V in sub-subtype A6 (<i>p</i> = 0.018) and K103N in CRF63_02A6 (<i>p</i> = 0.002). These findings underscore the increasing HIV-1 genetic diversity and highlight a substantial prevalence of PrimDR among its recombinant forms, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing systematic monitoring.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/12/2312HIV-1subtypingphylogenetic analysisCRFsURFsRussia |
| spellingShingle | Anastasiia Antonova Elena Kazennova Aleksey Lebedev Ekaterina Ozhmegova Anna Kuznetsova Aleksandr Tumanov Marina Bobkova Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation Viruses HIV-1 subtyping phylogenetic analysis CRFs URFs Russia |
| title | Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation |
| title_full | Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation |
| title_fullStr | Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation |
| title_short | Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation |
| title_sort | recombinant forms of hiv 1 in the last decade of the epidemic in the russian federation |
| topic | HIV-1 subtyping phylogenetic analysis CRFs URFs Russia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/12/2312 |
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