High Mobility Group Box 1 in Pig Amniotic Membrane Experimentally Infected with <i>E. coli</i> O55
Intra-amniotic infections (IAI) are one of the reasons for preterm birth. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein with various physiological functions, including tissue healing. Its excessive extracellular release potentiates inflammatory reaction and can revert its action from benefi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/8/1146 |
| _version_ | 1797524600959008768 |
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| author | Igor Splichal Alla Splichalova |
| author_facet | Igor Splichal Alla Splichalova |
| author_sort | Igor Splichal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intra-amniotic infections (IAI) are one of the reasons for preterm birth. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein with various physiological functions, including tissue healing. Its excessive extracellular release potentiates inflammatory reaction and can revert its action from beneficial to detrimental. We infected the amniotic fluid of a pig on the 80th day of gestation with 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> colony forming units (CFUs) of <i>E. coli</i> O55 for 10 h, and evaluated the appearance of HMGB1, receptor for glycation endproducts (RAGE), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in the amniotic membrane and fluid. Sham-infected amniotic fluid served as a control. The expression and release of HMGB1 were evaluated by Real-Time PCR, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. The infection downregulated HMGB1 mRNA expression in the amniotic membrane, changed the distribution of HMGB1 protein in the amniotic membrane, and increased its level in amniotic fluid. All RAGE mRNA, protein expression in the amniotic membrane, and soluble RAGE level in the amniotic fluid were downregulated. TLR4 mRNA and protein expression and soluble TLR4 were all upregulated. HMGB1 is a potential target for therapy to suppress the exaggerated inflammatory response. This controlled expression and release can, in some cases, prevent the preterm birth of vulnerable infants. Studies on suitable animal models can contribute to the development of appropriate therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:58:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c32c5dfefcca4ae784b4c3d2d61e17eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:58:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-c32c5dfefcca4ae784b4c3d2d61e17eb2023-11-22T06:55:29ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2021-08-01118114610.3390/biom11081146High Mobility Group Box 1 in Pig Amniotic Membrane Experimentally Infected with <i>E. coli</i> O55Igor Splichal0Alla Splichalova1Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 54922 Novy Hradek, Czech RepublicLaboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 54922 Novy Hradek, Czech RepublicIntra-amniotic infections (IAI) are one of the reasons for preterm birth. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein with various physiological functions, including tissue healing. Its excessive extracellular release potentiates inflammatory reaction and can revert its action from beneficial to detrimental. We infected the amniotic fluid of a pig on the 80th day of gestation with 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> colony forming units (CFUs) of <i>E. coli</i> O55 for 10 h, and evaluated the appearance of HMGB1, receptor for glycation endproducts (RAGE), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in the amniotic membrane and fluid. Sham-infected amniotic fluid served as a control. The expression and release of HMGB1 were evaluated by Real-Time PCR, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. The infection downregulated HMGB1 mRNA expression in the amniotic membrane, changed the distribution of HMGB1 protein in the amniotic membrane, and increased its level in amniotic fluid. All RAGE mRNA, protein expression in the amniotic membrane, and soluble RAGE level in the amniotic fluid were downregulated. TLR4 mRNA and protein expression and soluble TLR4 were all upregulated. HMGB1 is a potential target for therapy to suppress the exaggerated inflammatory response. This controlled expression and release can, in some cases, prevent the preterm birth of vulnerable infants. Studies on suitable animal models can contribute to the development of appropriate therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/8/1146high mobility group box 1receptor for advanced glycation endproductsToll-like receptorcytokinesamniotic membraneamniotic fluid |
| spellingShingle | Igor Splichal Alla Splichalova High Mobility Group Box 1 in Pig Amniotic Membrane Experimentally Infected with <i>E. coli</i> O55 Biomolecules high mobility group box 1 receptor for advanced glycation endproducts Toll-like receptor cytokines amniotic membrane amniotic fluid |
| title | High Mobility Group Box 1 in Pig Amniotic Membrane Experimentally Infected with <i>E. coli</i> O55 |
| title_full | High Mobility Group Box 1 in Pig Amniotic Membrane Experimentally Infected with <i>E. coli</i> O55 |
| title_fullStr | High Mobility Group Box 1 in Pig Amniotic Membrane Experimentally Infected with <i>E. coli</i> O55 |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Mobility Group Box 1 in Pig Amniotic Membrane Experimentally Infected with <i>E. coli</i> O55 |
| title_short | High Mobility Group Box 1 in Pig Amniotic Membrane Experimentally Infected with <i>E. coli</i> O55 |
| title_sort | high mobility group box 1 in pig amniotic membrane experimentally infected with i e coli i o55 |
| topic | high mobility group box 1 receptor for advanced glycation endproducts Toll-like receptor cytokines amniotic membrane amniotic fluid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/8/1146 |
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