Material flow and material footprint in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar
Material Flow Analysis (MFA) has been widely used to understand the physical economy of the country and its implication on the economic and environmental issues. By subscribing to the data on Global Material Flow Database released by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) International Resource...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-12-01
|
| Series: | Cleaner and Responsible Consumption |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666784323000542 |
| _version_ | 1797386797871792128 |
|---|---|
| author | Marianne Faith Martinico-Perez Anthony SF. Chiu Kevin John Laganao Cristina Beatrice Mallari James Ladd Molina Xiaoling Wang |
| author_facet | Marianne Faith Martinico-Perez Anthony SF. Chiu Kevin John Laganao Cristina Beatrice Mallari James Ladd Molina Xiaoling Wang |
| author_sort | Marianne Faith Martinico-Perez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Material Flow Analysis (MFA) has been widely used to understand the physical economy of the country and its implication on the economic and environmental issues. By subscribing to the data on Global Material Flow Database released by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) International Resource Panel, the material flow account and derived indicators of Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar were assessed from 1970 to 2019. Results show that the Domestic Material Consumption (DMC) of these countries grew from fourfold to ninefold from 1970 to 2019, with the dominance of biomass despite the increasing share of nonmetallic minerals. The DMC per capita of Myanmar (3.97 tonnes/capita) remained to be within the agrarian socio metabolic regime, while Cambodia (7.39 tonnes/capita) and Lao PDR (14.33 tonnes/capita) are amidst the transition to industrial socio metabolic regime. Material footprint of Lao PDR in 2019 is dominated by nonmetallic minerals with 50% share, while biomass has the highest share in Cambodia and Myanmar. The growing affluence in these countries has been the major driver of material consumption. While trends of relative decoupling of economic growth and material consumption have occurred in Myanmar and Cambodia, the growth of Lao PDR's DMC surpassed the GDP from 2012 up to the recent year. This analysis of material flow indicators to monitor progress on SDG 8.4 and 12.2 for Myanmar, Cambodia and Lao PDR shall serve as basis for policy development in relation to these country's material consumption. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:14:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3382e5fd05f4863a929fbb9e2c2e145 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-7843 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:14:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cleaner and Responsible Consumption |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3382e5fd05f4863a929fbb9e2c2e1452023-12-19T04:17:33ZengElsevierCleaner and Responsible Consumption2666-78432023-12-0111100153Material flow and material footprint in Cambodia, Laos, and MyanmarMarianne Faith Martinico-Perez0Anthony SF. Chiu1Kevin John Laganao2Cristina Beatrice Mallari3James Ladd Molina4Xiaoling Wang5Department of Biology, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines; Palawan Council for Sustainable Development, Puerto Princesa City, PhilippinesDepartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Gokongwei College of Engineering, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines; Corresponding author.Master of Engineering in Environmental Engineering and Management, De La Salle University, Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Gokongwei College of Engineering, De La Salle University, Manila, PhilippinesMaster of Environmental Science and Ecosystem Management, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines; College of Architecture, National University, Manila, Philippines; United Architects of the Philippines Inc, PhilippinesUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing, China; School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, ChinaMaterial Flow Analysis (MFA) has been widely used to understand the physical economy of the country and its implication on the economic and environmental issues. By subscribing to the data on Global Material Flow Database released by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) International Resource Panel, the material flow account and derived indicators of Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar were assessed from 1970 to 2019. Results show that the Domestic Material Consumption (DMC) of these countries grew from fourfold to ninefold from 1970 to 2019, with the dominance of biomass despite the increasing share of nonmetallic minerals. The DMC per capita of Myanmar (3.97 tonnes/capita) remained to be within the agrarian socio metabolic regime, while Cambodia (7.39 tonnes/capita) and Lao PDR (14.33 tonnes/capita) are amidst the transition to industrial socio metabolic regime. Material footprint of Lao PDR in 2019 is dominated by nonmetallic minerals with 50% share, while biomass has the highest share in Cambodia and Myanmar. The growing affluence in these countries has been the major driver of material consumption. While trends of relative decoupling of economic growth and material consumption have occurred in Myanmar and Cambodia, the growth of Lao PDR's DMC surpassed the GDP from 2012 up to the recent year. This analysis of material flow indicators to monitor progress on SDG 8.4 and 12.2 for Myanmar, Cambodia and Lao PDR shall serve as basis for policy development in relation to these country's material consumption.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666784323000542Material footprintMaterial flow analysisSustainability indicatorsResource efficiencyDecoupling |
| spellingShingle | Marianne Faith Martinico-Perez Anthony SF. Chiu Kevin John Laganao Cristina Beatrice Mallari James Ladd Molina Xiaoling Wang Material flow and material footprint in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar Cleaner and Responsible Consumption Material footprint Material flow analysis Sustainability indicators Resource efficiency Decoupling |
| title | Material flow and material footprint in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar |
| title_full | Material flow and material footprint in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar |
| title_fullStr | Material flow and material footprint in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Material flow and material footprint in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar |
| title_short | Material flow and material footprint in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar |
| title_sort | material flow and material footprint in cambodia laos and myanmar |
| topic | Material footprint Material flow analysis Sustainability indicators Resource efficiency Decoupling |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666784323000542 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mariannefaithmartinicoperez materialflowandmaterialfootprintincambodialaosandmyanmar AT anthonysfchiu materialflowandmaterialfootprintincambodialaosandmyanmar AT kevinjohnlaganao materialflowandmaterialfootprintincambodialaosandmyanmar AT cristinabeatricemallari materialflowandmaterialfootprintincambodialaosandmyanmar AT jamesladdmolina materialflowandmaterialfootprintincambodialaosandmyanmar AT xiaolingwang materialflowandmaterialfootprintincambodialaosandmyanmar |