Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis and Its Derivatives in Animals and Humans During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Cannabis is one of the most widely used illicit drugs during pregnancy and lactation. With the recent legalization of cannabis in many countries, health professionals are increasingly exposed to pregnant and breastfeeding women who are consuming cannabis on a regular basis as a solution for depressi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.919630/full |
| _version_ | 1811225331156123648 |
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| author | Anaëlle Monfort Anaëlle Monfort Anaëlle Monfort Ema Ferreira Ema Ferreira Grégoire Leclair Grégoire Leclair Gregory Anton Lodygensky Gregory Anton Lodygensky |
| author_facet | Anaëlle Monfort Anaëlle Monfort Anaëlle Monfort Ema Ferreira Ema Ferreira Grégoire Leclair Grégoire Leclair Gregory Anton Lodygensky Gregory Anton Lodygensky |
| author_sort | Anaëlle Monfort |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cannabis is one of the most widely used illicit drugs during pregnancy and lactation. With the recent legalization of cannabis in many countries, health professionals are increasingly exposed to pregnant and breastfeeding women who are consuming cannabis on a regular basis as a solution for depression, anxiety, nausea, and pain. Cannabis consumption during pregnancy can induce negative birth outcomes such as reduced birth weight and increased risk of prematurity and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Yet, limited information is available regarding the pharmacokinetics of cannabis in the fetus and newborn exposed during pregnancy and lactation. Indeed, the official recommendations regarding the use of cannabis during these two critical development periods lack robust pharmacokinetics data and make it difficult for health professionals to guide their patients. Many clinical studies are currently evaluating the effects of cannabis on the brain development and base their groups mostly on questionnaires. These studies should be associated with pharmacokinetics studies to assess correlations between the infant brain development and the exposure to cannabis during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Our project aims to review the available data on the pharmacokinetics of cannabinoids in adults, neonates, and animals. If the available literature is abundant in adult humans and animals, there is still a lack of published data on the exposure of pregnant and lactating women and neonates. However, some of the published information causes concerns on the exposure and the potential effects of cannabis on fetuses and neonates. The safety of cannabis use for non-medical purpose during pregnancy and breastfeeding needs to be further characterized with proper pharmacokinetic studies in humans feasible in regions where cannabis has been legalized. Given the available data, significant transfer occurs to the fetus and the breastfed newborn with a theoretical risk of accumulation of products known to be biologically active. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:04:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c33bfb6b77b54d8fbb5ed2bf2d1822ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:04:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c33bfb6b77b54d8fbb5ed2bf2d1822ec2022-12-22T03:39:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122022-07-011310.3389/fphar.2022.919630919630Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis and Its Derivatives in Animals and Humans During Pregnancy and BreastfeedingAnaëlle Monfort0Anaëlle Monfort1Anaëlle Monfort2Ema Ferreira3Ema Ferreira4Grégoire Leclair5Grégoire Leclair6Gregory Anton Lodygensky7Gregory Anton Lodygensky8Platform of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaCHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, CanadaFaculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaCHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, CanadaFaculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaPlatform of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaFaculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaCHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaCannabis is one of the most widely used illicit drugs during pregnancy and lactation. With the recent legalization of cannabis in many countries, health professionals are increasingly exposed to pregnant and breastfeeding women who are consuming cannabis on a regular basis as a solution for depression, anxiety, nausea, and pain. Cannabis consumption during pregnancy can induce negative birth outcomes such as reduced birth weight and increased risk of prematurity and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Yet, limited information is available regarding the pharmacokinetics of cannabis in the fetus and newborn exposed during pregnancy and lactation. Indeed, the official recommendations regarding the use of cannabis during these two critical development periods lack robust pharmacokinetics data and make it difficult for health professionals to guide their patients. Many clinical studies are currently evaluating the effects of cannabis on the brain development and base their groups mostly on questionnaires. These studies should be associated with pharmacokinetics studies to assess correlations between the infant brain development and the exposure to cannabis during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Our project aims to review the available data on the pharmacokinetics of cannabinoids in adults, neonates, and animals. If the available literature is abundant in adult humans and animals, there is still a lack of published data on the exposure of pregnant and lactating women and neonates. However, some of the published information causes concerns on the exposure and the potential effects of cannabis on fetuses and neonates. The safety of cannabis use for non-medical purpose during pregnancy and breastfeeding needs to be further characterized with proper pharmacokinetic studies in humans feasible in regions where cannabis has been legalized. Given the available data, significant transfer occurs to the fetus and the breastfed newborn with a theoretical risk of accumulation of products known to be biologically active.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.919630/fullpregnancybreastfeedingpharmacokineticscannabisneonatesexposure |
| spellingShingle | Anaëlle Monfort Anaëlle Monfort Anaëlle Monfort Ema Ferreira Ema Ferreira Grégoire Leclair Grégoire Leclair Gregory Anton Lodygensky Gregory Anton Lodygensky Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis and Its Derivatives in Animals and Humans During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Frontiers in Pharmacology pregnancy breastfeeding pharmacokinetics cannabis neonates exposure |
| title | Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis and Its Derivatives in Animals and Humans During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding |
| title_full | Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis and Its Derivatives in Animals and Humans During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis and Its Derivatives in Animals and Humans During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis and Its Derivatives in Animals and Humans During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding |
| title_short | Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis and Its Derivatives in Animals and Humans During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding |
| title_sort | pharmacokinetics of cannabis and its derivatives in animals and humans during pregnancy and breastfeeding |
| topic | pregnancy breastfeeding pharmacokinetics cannabis neonates exposure |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.919630/full |
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