Linoleic Acid Attenuates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice through Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Signaling
Muscle atrophy is a major muscle disease, the symptoms of which include decreased muscle volume leading to insufficient muscular support during exercise. One cause of muscle atrophy is the induction of oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aimed to identify the antioxidant me...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/9/4778 |
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| author | Myung-Hun Lee Jin-Ho Lee Wan-Joong Kim Seo Ho Kim Sun-Young Kim Han Sung Kim Tack-Joong Kim |
| author_facet | Myung-Hun Lee Jin-Ho Lee Wan-Joong Kim Seo Ho Kim Sun-Young Kim Han Sung Kim Tack-Joong Kim |
| author_sort | Myung-Hun Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Muscle atrophy is a major muscle disease, the symptoms of which include decreased muscle volume leading to insufficient muscular support during exercise. One cause of muscle atrophy is the induction of oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aimed to identify the antioxidant mechanism of linoleic acid (LA) in muscle atrophy caused by oxidative stress. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> has been used to induce oxidative stress in myoblasts in vitro. C2C12 myoblasts treated with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> exhibited decreased viability and increased ROS synthesis. However, with LA treatment, the cells tended to recover from oxidative effects similar to those of the control groups. At the molecular level, the expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), Bax, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and phosphorylated forkhead box protein O1 was increased by oxidative stress, causing apoptosis. LA treatment suppressed these changes. In addition, the expression of <i>MuRF1</i> and <i>Atrogin-1/MAFbx</i> mRNA increased under oxidative stress but not in the LA-treated group. Sciatic denervation of C57BL/6 mice manifested as atrophy of the skeletal muscle in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The protein expression levels of SOD1, HSP70, and MuRF1 did not differ between the atrophied muscle tissues and C2C12 myoblasts under oxidative stress. With LA treatment, muscle atrophy recovered and protein expression was restored to levels similar to those in the control. Therefore, this study suggests that LA may be a candidate substance for preventing muscle atrophy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:06:37Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:06:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c33f50f71c0b49aa9f8b2577d52c40632023-11-23T08:22:07ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-04-01239477810.3390/ijms23094778Linoleic Acid Attenuates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice through Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent SignalingMyung-Hun Lee0Jin-Ho Lee1Wan-Joong Kim2Seo Ho Kim3Sun-Young Kim4Han Sung Kim5Tack-Joong Kim6Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, KoreaDivision of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, KoreaDivision of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, KoreaDivision of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, KoreaDivision of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, KoreaDivision of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, KoreaMuscle atrophy is a major muscle disease, the symptoms of which include decreased muscle volume leading to insufficient muscular support during exercise. One cause of muscle atrophy is the induction of oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aimed to identify the antioxidant mechanism of linoleic acid (LA) in muscle atrophy caused by oxidative stress. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> has been used to induce oxidative stress in myoblasts in vitro. C2C12 myoblasts treated with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> exhibited decreased viability and increased ROS synthesis. However, with LA treatment, the cells tended to recover from oxidative effects similar to those of the control groups. At the molecular level, the expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), Bax, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and phosphorylated forkhead box protein O1 was increased by oxidative stress, causing apoptosis. LA treatment suppressed these changes. In addition, the expression of <i>MuRF1</i> and <i>Atrogin-1/MAFbx</i> mRNA increased under oxidative stress but not in the LA-treated group. Sciatic denervation of C57BL/6 mice manifested as atrophy of the skeletal muscle in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The protein expression levels of SOD1, HSP70, and MuRF1 did not differ between the atrophied muscle tissues and C2C12 myoblasts under oxidative stress. With LA treatment, muscle atrophy recovered and protein expression was restored to levels similar to those in the control. Therefore, this study suggests that LA may be a candidate substance for preventing muscle atrophy.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/9/4778antioxidantlinoleic acidmuscle atrophyoxidative stresssciatic denervation |
| spellingShingle | Myung-Hun Lee Jin-Ho Lee Wan-Joong Kim Seo Ho Kim Sun-Young Kim Han Sung Kim Tack-Joong Kim Linoleic Acid Attenuates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice through Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Signaling International Journal of Molecular Sciences antioxidant linoleic acid muscle atrophy oxidative stress sciatic denervation |
| title | Linoleic Acid Attenuates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice through Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Signaling |
| title_full | Linoleic Acid Attenuates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice through Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Signaling |
| title_fullStr | Linoleic Acid Attenuates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice through Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Signaling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Linoleic Acid Attenuates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice through Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Signaling |
| title_short | Linoleic Acid Attenuates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice through Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Signaling |
| title_sort | linoleic acid attenuates denervation induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice through regulation of reactive oxygen species dependent signaling |
| topic | antioxidant linoleic acid muscle atrophy oxidative stress sciatic denervation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/9/4778 |
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