Are Electric-field-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Solar Corona Sensitive to the Initial Condition?
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the solar corona are often started from a potential field initial condition, which may be far from the true state of the coronal magnetic field. To test the sensitivity of the simulations to the initial condition, an electric-field-driven MHD code was initiat...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad10a7 |
| _version_ | 1797367566618853376 |
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| author | Graham Barnes Keiji Hayashi S. A. Gilchrist |
| author_facet | Graham Barnes Keiji Hayashi S. A. Gilchrist |
| author_sort | Graham Barnes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the solar corona are often started from a potential field initial condition, which may be far from the true state of the coronal magnetic field. To test the sensitivity of the simulations to the initial condition, an electric-field-driven MHD code was initiated from three different initial conditions: the commonly used potential field, a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) extrapolation, which is believed to be a better representation of the true coronal magnetic field, and a purely vertical field. After relaxation, the magnetic field in the MHD simulations was compared. It was found that there is a tendency for all of the initial conditions to converge to a similar connectivity, particularly in areas of strong fields that are not close to the boundary, suggesting that the final state of the simulation is not particularly sensitive to the initial condition. The relaxed solution more closely resembles the NLFFF initial condition than the other initial conditions, but still exhibits substantial differences from it. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:19:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c34ef2eb47fb476899205031e95d3203 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:19:11Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-c34ef2eb47fb476899205031e95d32032024-01-03T09:32:02ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-01960210210.3847/1538-4357/ad10a7Are Electric-field-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Solar Corona Sensitive to the Initial Condition?Graham Barnes0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3571-8728Keiji Hayashi1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9046-6688S. A. Gilchrist2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3491-077XNorthWest Research Associates , 3380 Mitchell Ln., Boulder, CO 80301, USA ; graham@nwra.comGeorge Mason University Fairfax , VA 22030, USAPlanetary Science Institute , Lakewood, CO 80228, USAMagnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the solar corona are often started from a potential field initial condition, which may be far from the true state of the coronal magnetic field. To test the sensitivity of the simulations to the initial condition, an electric-field-driven MHD code was initiated from three different initial conditions: the commonly used potential field, a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) extrapolation, which is believed to be a better representation of the true coronal magnetic field, and a purely vertical field. After relaxation, the magnetic field in the MHD simulations was compared. It was found that there is a tendency for all of the initial conditions to converge to a similar connectivity, particularly in areas of strong fields that are not close to the boundary, suggesting that the final state of the simulation is not particularly sensitive to the initial condition. The relaxed solution more closely resembles the NLFFF initial condition than the other initial conditions, but still exhibits substantial differences from it.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad10a7Magnetohydrodynamical simulationsSolar coronaSolar magnetic fields |
| spellingShingle | Graham Barnes Keiji Hayashi S. A. Gilchrist Are Electric-field-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Solar Corona Sensitive to the Initial Condition? The Astrophysical Journal Magnetohydrodynamical simulations Solar corona Solar magnetic fields |
| title | Are Electric-field-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Solar Corona Sensitive to the Initial Condition? |
| title_full | Are Electric-field-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Solar Corona Sensitive to the Initial Condition? |
| title_fullStr | Are Electric-field-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Solar Corona Sensitive to the Initial Condition? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Are Electric-field-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Solar Corona Sensitive to the Initial Condition? |
| title_short | Are Electric-field-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Solar Corona Sensitive to the Initial Condition? |
| title_sort | are electric field driven magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the solar corona sensitive to the initial condition |
| topic | Magnetohydrodynamical simulations Solar corona Solar magnetic fields |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad10a7 |
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