| Summary: | Background: Surgical sutures are sterile filaments to support the healing process. Also Suture as a major part of surgical site management can challenge surgical wound healing. The objective of the current study was to prevent surgical site infection by creating a new antibacterial silk-nano cefixime suture.Methods: The silk suture became silk-nano cefixime suture by immersing in the 1, 2, and 3 wt % cefixime solutions. The antibacterial activity of silk-nano cefixime suture was tested on E. coli (ATCC25922). The healing effect of silk-nano cefixime suture was evaluated by H&E staining sections and compared between the control and treated groups on days 3, 8 and 14. The obtained quantitative data were presented as mean ± standard deviation. In order to compare the mean of quantitative variables between the studied groups, general linear model of statistical analysis test and 3-D SPSS charts were used (P ≤ 0.05).Results: The inhibition zone diameter of E. coli (ATCC25922) was 25 mm and no statistically significant difference was found between the healing properties (P≥.05). There was a significant difference in the mean of Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and macrophage infiltration between the control and treated groups on day 8 (p≤ 0.05).Conclusion: Our data indicate that silk-nano cefixime suture has the potential to reduce the risk of surgical site infections. Finally, it is strongly recommended to introduce silk-nano cefixime suture as a reliable substitute for current surgical sutures.
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