The Influence of Environmental Variables on Home Range Size and Use in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, China
Accurate descriptions of home ranges can provide important information for understanding animal ecology and behavior and contribute to the formulation of conservation strategies. We used the grid cell method and kernel density estimation (KDE) to estimate the home range size of golden snub-nosed mon...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| author | Gang Yao Yuanying Fan Dayong Li Vanessa Hull Limin Shen Yanhong Li Jie Hu |
| author_facet | Gang Yao Yuanying Fan Dayong Li Vanessa Hull Limin Shen Yanhong Li Jie Hu |
| author_sort | Gang Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Accurate descriptions of home ranges can provide important information for understanding animal ecology and behavior and contribute to the formulation of conservation strategies. We used the grid cell method and kernel density estimation (KDE) to estimate the home range size of golden snub-nosed monkeys (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve. We also used Moran’s eigenvector maps analysis and variation partitioning to test the influence of environmental variables on home range use. The seasonal home range size was 15.4 km<sup>2</sup> in spring, 11.6 km<sup>2</sup> in summer, 13.7 km<sup>2</sup> in autumn, and 15.6 km<sup>2</sup> in winter, based on the grid cell method. The seasonal core area of 50% KDE was 9.86 km<sup>2</sup> in spring, 5.58 km<sup>2</sup> in summer, 7.20 km<sup>2</sup> in autumn, and 4.23 km<sup>2</sup> in winter. The environmental variables explained 63.60% of home range use intensity in spring, 72.21% in summer, 26.52% in autumn, and none in winter, and some environmental variables contributed to the spatial variation in home range use intensity. Water sources, tree density, and dominant trees of Chinese wingnut (<i>Pterocarya stenoptera</i>) were the important environmental factors determining home range use. These environmental factors require protection to ensure the survival of the golden snub-nosed monkey. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c371eaaace434d93989843afc0df38232023-11-23T14:41:18ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-09-011218233810.3390/ani12182338The Influence of Environmental Variables on Home Range Size and Use in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, ChinaGang Yao0Yuanying Fan1Dayong Li2Vanessa Hull3Limin Shen4Yanhong Li5Jie Hu6Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), Institute of Rare Animals and Plants, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), Institute of Rare Animals and Plants, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, ChinaDepartment of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110430, Gainesville, FL 32611, USATangjiahe National Nature Reserve, Qingchuan 628109, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), Institute of Rare Animals and Plants, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), Institute of Rare Animals and Plants, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, ChinaAccurate descriptions of home ranges can provide important information for understanding animal ecology and behavior and contribute to the formulation of conservation strategies. We used the grid cell method and kernel density estimation (KDE) to estimate the home range size of golden snub-nosed monkeys (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve. We also used Moran’s eigenvector maps analysis and variation partitioning to test the influence of environmental variables on home range use. The seasonal home range size was 15.4 km<sup>2</sup> in spring, 11.6 km<sup>2</sup> in summer, 13.7 km<sup>2</sup> in autumn, and 15.6 km<sup>2</sup> in winter, based on the grid cell method. The seasonal core area of 50% KDE was 9.86 km<sup>2</sup> in spring, 5.58 km<sup>2</sup> in summer, 7.20 km<sup>2</sup> in autumn, and 4.23 km<sup>2</sup> in winter. The environmental variables explained 63.60% of home range use intensity in spring, 72.21% in summer, 26.52% in autumn, and none in winter, and some environmental variables contributed to the spatial variation in home range use intensity. Water sources, tree density, and dominant trees of Chinese wingnut (<i>Pterocarya stenoptera</i>) were the important environmental factors determining home range use. These environmental factors require protection to ensure the survival of the golden snub-nosed monkey.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/18/2338environmental variablesendangered specieshome range<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>variation partitioning |
| spellingShingle | Gang Yao Yuanying Fan Dayong Li Vanessa Hull Limin Shen Yanhong Li Jie Hu The Influence of Environmental Variables on Home Range Size and Use in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, China Animals environmental variables endangered species home range <i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i> variation partitioning |
| title | The Influence of Environmental Variables on Home Range Size and Use in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, China |
| title_full | The Influence of Environmental Variables on Home Range Size and Use in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, China |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Environmental Variables on Home Range Size and Use in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Environmental Variables on Home Range Size and Use in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, China |
| title_short | The Influence of Environmental Variables on Home Range Size and Use in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, China |
| title_sort | influence of environmental variables on home range size and use in the golden snub nosed monkey i rhinopithecus roxellana i in tangjiahe national nature reserve china |
| topic | environmental variables endangered species home range <i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i> variation partitioning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/18/2338 |
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