Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword
Abstract As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit to uninfected cells. Emerging data have revealed en bloc viral transmission as lipid bilayer-cloaked particles via extracellular vesicles especially exosomes (Exo). The supporting membrane can b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Cell Communication and Signaling |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-01037-5 |
| _version_ | 1811175771847262208 |
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| author | Narges Mardi Sanya Haiaty Reza Rahbarghazi Halimeh Mobarak Morteza Milani Amir Zarebkohan Mohammad Nouri |
| author_facet | Narges Mardi Sanya Haiaty Reza Rahbarghazi Halimeh Mobarak Morteza Milani Amir Zarebkohan Mohammad Nouri |
| author_sort | Narges Mardi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit to uninfected cells. Emerging data have revealed en bloc viral transmission as lipid bilayer-cloaked particles via extracellular vesicles especially exosomes (Exo). The supporting membrane can be originated from multivesicular bodies during intra-luminal vesicle formation and autophagic response. Exo are nano-sized particles, ranging from 40–200 nm, with the ability to harbor several types of signaling molecules from donor to acceptor cells in a paracrine manner, resulting in the modulation of specific signaling reactions in target cells. The phenomenon of Exo biogenesis consists of multiple and complex biological steps with the participation of diverse constituents and molecular pathways. Due to similarities between Exo biogenesis and virus replication and the existence of shared pathways, it is thought that viruses can hijack the Exo biogenesis machinery to spread and evade immune cells. To this end, Exo can transmit complete virions (as single units or aggregates), separate viral components, and naked genetic materials. The current review article aims to scrutinize challenges and opportunities related to the exosomal delivery of viruses in terms of viral infections and public health. Video Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:42:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c37627082b794915b65c768fa2277a90 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1478-811X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:42:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cell Communication and Signaling |
| spelling | doaj.art-c37627082b794915b65c768fa2277a902023-01-29T12:17:45ZengBMCCell Communication and Signaling1478-811X2023-01-0121112910.1186/s12964-022-01037-5Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological swordNarges Mardi0Sanya Haiaty1Reza Rahbarghazi2Halimeh Mobarak3Morteza Milani4Amir Zarebkohan5Mohammad Nouri6Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesStem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesStem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesAbstract As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit to uninfected cells. Emerging data have revealed en bloc viral transmission as lipid bilayer-cloaked particles via extracellular vesicles especially exosomes (Exo). The supporting membrane can be originated from multivesicular bodies during intra-luminal vesicle formation and autophagic response. Exo are nano-sized particles, ranging from 40–200 nm, with the ability to harbor several types of signaling molecules from donor to acceptor cells in a paracrine manner, resulting in the modulation of specific signaling reactions in target cells. The phenomenon of Exo biogenesis consists of multiple and complex biological steps with the participation of diverse constituents and molecular pathways. Due to similarities between Exo biogenesis and virus replication and the existence of shared pathways, it is thought that viruses can hijack the Exo biogenesis machinery to spread and evade immune cells. To this end, Exo can transmit complete virions (as single units or aggregates), separate viral components, and naked genetic materials. The current review article aims to scrutinize challenges and opportunities related to the exosomal delivery of viruses in terms of viral infections and public health. Video Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-01037-5VirusesExosomesShared signaling pathwaysTransmissionInfection |
| spellingShingle | Narges Mardi Sanya Haiaty Reza Rahbarghazi Halimeh Mobarak Morteza Milani Amir Zarebkohan Mohammad Nouri Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword Cell Communication and Signaling Viruses Exosomes Shared signaling pathways Transmission Infection |
| title | Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword |
| title_full | Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword |
| title_fullStr | Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword |
| title_short | Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword |
| title_sort | exosomal transmission of viruses a two edged biological sword |
| topic | Viruses Exosomes Shared signaling pathways Transmission Infection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-01037-5 |
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