The effects of red LED light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a PKC-mediated mechanism
While irradiation with red LED light has been reported to modulate sperm function in different mammalian species, the mechanisms underlying their response are poorly understood. This work sought to provide new insights into whether this effect relies on a direct action upon mitochondrial electron ch...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.930855/full |
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| author | Olga Blanco-Prieto Olga Blanco-Prieto Carolina Maside Carolina Maside Àlex Peña Júlia Ibáñez-Príncep Sergi Bonet Sergi Bonet Marc Yeste Marc Yeste Marc Yeste Joan E. Rodríguez-Gil |
| author_facet | Olga Blanco-Prieto Olga Blanco-Prieto Carolina Maside Carolina Maside Àlex Peña Júlia Ibáñez-Príncep Sergi Bonet Sergi Bonet Marc Yeste Marc Yeste Marc Yeste Joan E. Rodríguez-Gil |
| author_sort | Olga Blanco-Prieto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | While irradiation with red LED light has been reported to modulate sperm function in different mammalian species, the mechanisms underlying their response are poorly understood. This work sought to provide new insights into whether this effect relies on a direct action upon mitochondrial electron chain and/or on PKC-linked mechanisms such as those related to opsins. For this purpose, pig semen was light-stimulated for 1, 5 or 10 min in the presence/absence of antimycin A, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial electron chain, or PKC 20–28® (PKCi), a PKC inhibitor. Antimycin A completely blocked the effects of light at all the performed irradiation patterns. This effect was linked to a complete immobility of sperm, which was accompanied with a significant (p < 0.05) drop in several markers of mitochondrial activity, such as JC-1 staining and O2 consumption rate. Antimycin A, however, did not affect intracellular ATP levels, intramitochondrial calcium, total ROS, superoxides or cytochrome C oxidase (CCO) activity. In the case of PKCi, it did also counteract the effects of light on motility, O2 consumption rate and CCO activity, but not to the same extent than that observed for antimycin A. Finally, the effects observed when sperm were co-incubated with antimycin A and PKCi were similar to those observed with antimycin A alone. In conclusion, red LED light acts on sperm function via a direct effect on mitochondrial electron chain. Additionally, light-activated PKC pathways have a supplementary effect to that observed in the electron chain, thereby modulating sperm parameters such as motility and CCO activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:42:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c388fdb19c4349929779b1ac152a2dfc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:42:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c388fdb19c4349929779b1ac152a2dfc2022-12-22T03:54:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2022-10-011010.3389/fcell.2022.930855930855The effects of red LED light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a PKC-mediated mechanismOlga Blanco-Prieto0Olga Blanco-Prieto1Carolina Maside2Carolina Maside3 Àlex Peña4Júlia Ibáñez-Príncep5Sergi Bonet6Sergi Bonet7Marc Yeste8Marc Yeste9Marc Yeste10Joan E. Rodríguez-Gil11Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Veterinary Medicine Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyBiotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, SpainUnit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, SpainDepartment of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBiotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, SpainUnit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, SpainBiotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, SpainUnit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, SpainCatalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainWhile irradiation with red LED light has been reported to modulate sperm function in different mammalian species, the mechanisms underlying their response are poorly understood. This work sought to provide new insights into whether this effect relies on a direct action upon mitochondrial electron chain and/or on PKC-linked mechanisms such as those related to opsins. For this purpose, pig semen was light-stimulated for 1, 5 or 10 min in the presence/absence of antimycin A, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial electron chain, or PKC 20–28® (PKCi), a PKC inhibitor. Antimycin A completely blocked the effects of light at all the performed irradiation patterns. This effect was linked to a complete immobility of sperm, which was accompanied with a significant (p < 0.05) drop in several markers of mitochondrial activity, such as JC-1 staining and O2 consumption rate. Antimycin A, however, did not affect intracellular ATP levels, intramitochondrial calcium, total ROS, superoxides or cytochrome C oxidase (CCO) activity. In the case of PKCi, it did also counteract the effects of light on motility, O2 consumption rate and CCO activity, but not to the same extent than that observed for antimycin A. Finally, the effects observed when sperm were co-incubated with antimycin A and PKCi were similar to those observed with antimycin A alone. In conclusion, red LED light acts on sperm function via a direct effect on mitochondrial electron chain. Additionally, light-activated PKC pathways have a supplementary effect to that observed in the electron chain, thereby modulating sperm parameters such as motility and CCO activity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.930855/fullspermmitochondriaantimycin APKClight irradiation |
| spellingShingle | Olga Blanco-Prieto Olga Blanco-Prieto Carolina Maside Carolina Maside Àlex Peña Júlia Ibáñez-Príncep Sergi Bonet Sergi Bonet Marc Yeste Marc Yeste Marc Yeste Joan E. Rodríguez-Gil The effects of red LED light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a PKC-mediated mechanism Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology sperm mitochondria antimycin A PKC light irradiation |
| title | The effects of red LED light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a PKC-mediated mechanism |
| title_full | The effects of red LED light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a PKC-mediated mechanism |
| title_fullStr | The effects of red LED light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a PKC-mediated mechanism |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of red LED light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a PKC-mediated mechanism |
| title_short | The effects of red LED light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a PKC-mediated mechanism |
| title_sort | effects of red led light on pig sperm function rely upon mitochondrial electron chain activity rather than on a pkc mediated mechanism |
| topic | sperm mitochondria antimycin A PKC light irradiation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.930855/full |
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