| Summary: | Weed control is considered a critical management operation for the establishment and growth of <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> and is often performed during the first two years following planting. However, no information has been found related to the effects of weed management on the long-term growth of <i>E. globulus</i>. This study aims to better understand how adjusting the timing of weed control, beyond tree establishment, affects the productivity of eucalypts on two commercial plantations in Central Portugal. Two treatments were considered: weed control when vegetation cover occupied at least 50% of the area with a mean height of at least 50 cm, and no weed control. At the northernmost site, weed control operations were performed during the first 3 years following planting. At the southernmost site, weed control interventions occurred between 1.5 and 8.2 years. Weed control demonstrated to be effective at diminishing vegetation cover density to a maximum of 79% and 94% in the northmost and southmost sites, respectively. Weed control significantly increased <i>E. globulus</i> productivity by the end of the study, demonstrating that the timing of weed management must be adjusted in accordance with the understory competing vegetation cover (weeds) and during the entire rotation, not only during tree establishment.
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