A protein-based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against Pasteurella multocida in pigs
Abstract Streptococcus suis (S. suis) and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) are pathogens that can cause zoonotic diseases. P. multocida toxin (PMT) is an important virulence factor that causes atrophic rhinitis in pigs. Suilysin (Sly) is an extracellular protein of S. suis and has been shown to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-023-01150-4 |
| _version_ | 1797863831386456064 |
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| author | Min-Chia Wu Hsing-Chieh Wu Jai-Wei Lee Wan-Chen Chang Chun-Yen Chu |
| author_facet | Min-Chia Wu Hsing-Chieh Wu Jai-Wei Lee Wan-Chen Chang Chun-Yen Chu |
| author_sort | Min-Chia Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Streptococcus suis (S. suis) and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) are pathogens that can cause zoonotic diseases. P. multocida toxin (PMT) is an important virulence factor that causes atrophic rhinitis in pigs. Suilysin (Sly) is an extracellular protein of S. suis and has been shown to be a potential adjuvant. Previous studies have indicated that subunit vaccines containing several fragments of PMT as antigens are safer than traditional inactivated or live-attenuated vaccines. However, protein-based vaccines need strong adjuvants to enhance their immunogenicity. In this study, recombinant PMT-NC (rPMT-NC) protein antigen was formulated with either recombinant Sly (rSly) or CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG) as the adjuvant. The immune responses elicited by these vaccines and the protective efficacy after challenge with live P. multocida were evaluated in piglets. In the dose-dependent test, piglets immunized with the low dose (100 µg) of rSly had increased antigen-specific total IgG, interferon (IFN)-γ gene expression, and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations. Compared to piglets in the commercial (Al-gel) adjuvant and the control groups (p < 0.05), piglets in the biological adjuvant groups showed significantly reduced turbinate atrophy, nasal distortion, and lung lesion scores after challenge with P. multocida serotype A. Vaccines containing rSly or CpG adjuvant enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses and protection against P. multocida. This combination of a protein-based antigen formulated with a biological adjuvant showed synergistic and protective effects against atrophic rhinitis and has potential to be developed as part of a bivalent vaccine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:42:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3bd1e4e51f54757a0bcdbb622cdd0d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1297-9716 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:42:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3bd1e4e51f54757a0bcdbb622cdd0d02023-03-22T12:04:03ZengBMCVeterinary Research1297-97162023-03-0154111010.1186/s13567-023-01150-4A protein-based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against Pasteurella multocida in pigsMin-Chia Wu0Hsing-Chieh Wu1Jai-Wei Lee2Wan-Chen Chang3Chun-Yen Chu4International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyInternational Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyInternational Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyInternational Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Streptococcus suis (S. suis) and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) are pathogens that can cause zoonotic diseases. P. multocida toxin (PMT) is an important virulence factor that causes atrophic rhinitis in pigs. Suilysin (Sly) is an extracellular protein of S. suis and has been shown to be a potential adjuvant. Previous studies have indicated that subunit vaccines containing several fragments of PMT as antigens are safer than traditional inactivated or live-attenuated vaccines. However, protein-based vaccines need strong adjuvants to enhance their immunogenicity. In this study, recombinant PMT-NC (rPMT-NC) protein antigen was formulated with either recombinant Sly (rSly) or CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG) as the adjuvant. The immune responses elicited by these vaccines and the protective efficacy after challenge with live P. multocida were evaluated in piglets. In the dose-dependent test, piglets immunized with the low dose (100 µg) of rSly had increased antigen-specific total IgG, interferon (IFN)-γ gene expression, and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations. Compared to piglets in the commercial (Al-gel) adjuvant and the control groups (p < 0.05), piglets in the biological adjuvant groups showed significantly reduced turbinate atrophy, nasal distortion, and lung lesion scores after challenge with P. multocida serotype A. Vaccines containing rSly or CpG adjuvant enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses and protection against P. multocida. This combination of a protein-based antigen formulated with a biological adjuvant showed synergistic and protective effects against atrophic rhinitis and has potential to be developed as part of a bivalent vaccine.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-023-01150-4biological adjuvantPasteurella multocida toxinsuilysinrecombinant proteinsubunit vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Min-Chia Wu Hsing-Chieh Wu Jai-Wei Lee Wan-Chen Chang Chun-Yen Chu A protein-based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against Pasteurella multocida in pigs Veterinary Research biological adjuvant Pasteurella multocida toxin suilysin recombinant protein subunit vaccine |
| title | A protein-based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against Pasteurella multocida in pigs |
| title_full | A protein-based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against Pasteurella multocida in pigs |
| title_fullStr | A protein-based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against Pasteurella multocida in pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | A protein-based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against Pasteurella multocida in pigs |
| title_short | A protein-based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against Pasteurella multocida in pigs |
| title_sort | protein based subunit vaccine with biological adjuvants provides effective protection against pasteurella multocida in pigs |
| topic | biological adjuvant Pasteurella multocida toxin suilysin recombinant protein subunit vaccine |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-023-01150-4 |
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