Seasonal Variation of Emission Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O from Different Larch Forests in the Daxing’An Mountains of China
Using a static chamber-gas chromatography method, we investigate the characteristics of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes and their relationships with environmental factors during the growing season in four typical <i>Larix gmeli...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Forests |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/7/1470 |
| _version_ | 1797589263183773696 |
|---|---|
| author | Jinbo Li Yining Wu Jianbo Wang Jiawen Liang Haipeng Dong Qing Chen Haixiu Zhong |
| author_facet | Jinbo Li Yining Wu Jianbo Wang Jiawen Liang Haipeng Dong Qing Chen Haixiu Zhong |
| author_sort | Jinbo Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Using a static chamber-gas chromatography method, we investigate the characteristics of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes and their relationships with environmental factors during the growing season in four typical <i>Larix gmelinii</i> forests (moss–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest, <i>Ledum palustre</i>–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest, herbage–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest, and <i>Rhododendron dauricum</i>–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest) in the Greater Khingan Mountains. Our results show that all four forest types are sources of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, with similar average emission fluxes (146.71 mg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>–211.81 mg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) and no significant differences. The soil in the moss–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest emitted CH<sub>4</sub> (43.78 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>), while all other forest types acted as CH<sub>4</sub> sinks (−56.02 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>–−28.07 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>). Although all forest types showed N<sub>2</sub>O uptake at the beginning of the growing season, the N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes (4.03 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>–5.74 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) did not differ significantly among the four forest types for the entire growing season, and all acted as sources of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. The fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O were significantly correlated with soil temperature and soil pH for all four forest types. Multiple regression analysis shows that considering the interactive effects of soil temperature and moisture could better explain the changes in greenhouse gas emissions among different forest types. The average <i>Q</i><sub>10</sub> value (8.81) of the moss–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest is significantly higher than that of the other three forest types (3.16–3.54) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating that the soil respiration in this forest type is more sensitive to temperature changes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:04:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3c2ef2030e14db2a34c87e9572059bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:04:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3c2ef2030e14db2a34c87e9572059bf2023-11-18T19:24:49ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-07-01147147010.3390/f14071470Seasonal Variation of Emission Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O from Different Larch Forests in the Daxing’An Mountains of ChinaJinbo Li0Yining Wu1Jianbo Wang2Jiawen Liang3Haipeng Dong4Qing Chen5Haixiu Zhong6National and Local Joint Laboratory of Wetland and Ecological Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, ChinaNational and Local Joint Laboratory of Wetland and Ecological Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, ChinaNational and Local Joint Laboratory of Wetland and Ecological Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, ChinaNational and Local Joint Laboratory of Wetland and Ecological Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, ChinaNational and Local Joint Laboratory of Wetland and Ecological Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, ChinaHeilongjiang Forest and Grassland Fire Prevention Early Warning Monitoring Center, Harbin 150090, ChinaNational and Local Joint Laboratory of Wetland and Ecological Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, ChinaUsing a static chamber-gas chromatography method, we investigate the characteristics of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes and their relationships with environmental factors during the growing season in four typical <i>Larix gmelinii</i> forests (moss–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest, <i>Ledum palustre</i>–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest, herbage–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest, and <i>Rhododendron dauricum</i>–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest) in the Greater Khingan Mountains. Our results show that all four forest types are sources of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, with similar average emission fluxes (146.71 mg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>–211.81 mg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) and no significant differences. The soil in the moss–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest emitted CH<sub>4</sub> (43.78 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>), while all other forest types acted as CH<sub>4</sub> sinks (−56.02 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>–−28.07 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>). Although all forest types showed N<sub>2</sub>O uptake at the beginning of the growing season, the N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes (4.03 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>–5.74 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) did not differ significantly among the four forest types for the entire growing season, and all acted as sources of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. The fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O were significantly correlated with soil temperature and soil pH for all four forest types. Multiple regression analysis shows that considering the interactive effects of soil temperature and moisture could better explain the changes in greenhouse gas emissions among different forest types. The average <i>Q</i><sub>10</sub> value (8.81) of the moss–<i>Larix gmelinii</i> forest is significantly higher than that of the other three forest types (3.16–3.54) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating that the soil respiration in this forest type is more sensitive to temperature changes.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/7/1470greenhouse gases<i>Larix gmelinii</i>temperature sensitivityGreater Khingan Mountains |
| spellingShingle | Jinbo Li Yining Wu Jianbo Wang Jiawen Liang Haipeng Dong Qing Chen Haixiu Zhong Seasonal Variation of Emission Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O from Different Larch Forests in the Daxing’An Mountains of China Forests greenhouse gases <i>Larix gmelinii</i> temperature sensitivity Greater Khingan Mountains |
| title | Seasonal Variation of Emission Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O from Different Larch Forests in the Daxing’An Mountains of China |
| title_full | Seasonal Variation of Emission Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O from Different Larch Forests in the Daxing’An Mountains of China |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal Variation of Emission Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O from Different Larch Forests in the Daxing’An Mountains of China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Variation of Emission Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O from Different Larch Forests in the Daxing’An Mountains of China |
| title_short | Seasonal Variation of Emission Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O from Different Larch Forests in the Daxing’An Mountains of China |
| title_sort | seasonal variation of emission fluxes of co sub 2 sub ch sub 4 sub and n sub 2 sub o from different larch forests in the daxing an mountains of china |
| topic | greenhouse gases <i>Larix gmelinii</i> temperature sensitivity Greater Khingan Mountains |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/7/1470 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jinboli seasonalvariationofemissionfluxesofcosub2subchsub4subandnsub2subofromdifferentlarchforestsinthedaxinganmountainsofchina AT yiningwu seasonalvariationofemissionfluxesofcosub2subchsub4subandnsub2subofromdifferentlarchforestsinthedaxinganmountainsofchina AT jianbowang seasonalvariationofemissionfluxesofcosub2subchsub4subandnsub2subofromdifferentlarchforestsinthedaxinganmountainsofchina AT jiawenliang seasonalvariationofemissionfluxesofcosub2subchsub4subandnsub2subofromdifferentlarchforestsinthedaxinganmountainsofchina AT haipengdong seasonalvariationofemissionfluxesofcosub2subchsub4subandnsub2subofromdifferentlarchforestsinthedaxinganmountainsofchina AT qingchen seasonalvariationofemissionfluxesofcosub2subchsub4subandnsub2subofromdifferentlarchforestsinthedaxinganmountainsofchina AT haixiuzhong seasonalvariationofemissionfluxesofcosub2subchsub4subandnsub2subofromdifferentlarchforestsinthedaxinganmountainsofchina |