Metabolizable Protein: 2. Requirements for Maintenance in Growing Saanen Goats
This study aimed to estimate the protein requirements for the maintenance of growing Saanen goats of different sexes from 5 to 45 kg of body weight (BW) using two methods and applying a meta-analysis. For this purpose, two datasets were used. One dataset was used to evaluate the effects of sex on th...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.650203/full |
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| author | Anaiane P. Souza Anaiane P. Souza Julián A. C. Vargas Marcia H. M. R. Fernandes Amélia K. Almeida Kleber T. Resende Izabelle A. M. A. Teixeira |
| author_facet | Anaiane P. Souza Anaiane P. Souza Julián A. C. Vargas Marcia H. M. R. Fernandes Amélia K. Almeida Kleber T. Resende Izabelle A. M. A. Teixeira |
| author_sort | Anaiane P. Souza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to estimate the protein requirements for the maintenance of growing Saanen goats of different sexes from 5 to 45 kg of body weight (BW) using two methods and applying a meta-analysis. For this purpose, two datasets were used. One dataset was used to evaluate the effects of sex on the protein requirements for maintenance using the comparative slaughter technique. This dataset was composed of 185 individual records (80 intact males, 62 castrated males, and 43 females) from six studies. The other dataset was used to evaluate the effects of sex on the protein requirements for maintenance using the N balance method. This dataset was composed of 136 individual records (59 intact males, 43 castrated males, and 34 females) from six studies. All studies applied an experimental design that provided different levels of N intake and different levels of N retention, allowing the development of regression equations to predict the net protein requirement for maintenance (NPM) and the metabolizable protein (MP) requirements for maintenance (MPM) in Saanen goats. The efficiency of MP use for maintenance (kPM) was computed as NPM/MPM. The efficiency of MP use for gain (kPG) was calculated using the equation of daily protein retained against daily MP intake above maintenance. A meta-analysis was applied using the MIXED procedure of SAS, in which sex was considered a fixed effect, and blocks nested in the studies and goat sex were considered as random effects. The NPM did not differ between sexes, irrespective of the approach used. The daily NPM estimated was 1.23 g/kg0.75 BW when using the comparative slaughter technique, while it was 3.18 g/kg0.75 BW when using the N balance technique for growing Saanen goats. The MPM estimated was 3.8 g/kg0.75 BW, the kPM was 0.33, and the kPG was 0.52. We observed that the NPM when using the comparative slaughter technique in growing Saanen goats is lower than that recommended by the current small ruminant feeding systems; on the other hand, the MPM was similar to previous reports by the feeding systems. Sex did not affect the protein requirements for maintenance and the efficiencies of use of metabolizable protein. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:52:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3c742a103e84ccc9291b10d16d9618e |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:52:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3c742a103e84ccc9291b10d16d9618e2022-12-21T19:24:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692021-06-01810.3389/fvets.2021.650203650203Metabolizable Protein: 2. Requirements for Maintenance in Growing Saanen GoatsAnaiane P. Souza0Anaiane P. Souza1Julián A. C. Vargas2Marcia H. M. R. Fernandes3Amélia K. Almeida4Kleber T. Resende5Izabelle A. M. A. Teixeira6Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, BrazilInstitute of Studies of the Humid Tropic, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Xinguara, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, BrazilDepartment of Animal Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, BrazilUniversity of New England, Armidale, NSW, AustraliaDepartment of Animal Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Animal Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, BrazilThis study aimed to estimate the protein requirements for the maintenance of growing Saanen goats of different sexes from 5 to 45 kg of body weight (BW) using two methods and applying a meta-analysis. For this purpose, two datasets were used. One dataset was used to evaluate the effects of sex on the protein requirements for maintenance using the comparative slaughter technique. This dataset was composed of 185 individual records (80 intact males, 62 castrated males, and 43 females) from six studies. The other dataset was used to evaluate the effects of sex on the protein requirements for maintenance using the N balance method. This dataset was composed of 136 individual records (59 intact males, 43 castrated males, and 34 females) from six studies. All studies applied an experimental design that provided different levels of N intake and different levels of N retention, allowing the development of regression equations to predict the net protein requirement for maintenance (NPM) and the metabolizable protein (MP) requirements for maintenance (MPM) in Saanen goats. The efficiency of MP use for maintenance (kPM) was computed as NPM/MPM. The efficiency of MP use for gain (kPG) was calculated using the equation of daily protein retained against daily MP intake above maintenance. A meta-analysis was applied using the MIXED procedure of SAS, in which sex was considered a fixed effect, and blocks nested in the studies and goat sex were considered as random effects. The NPM did not differ between sexes, irrespective of the approach used. The daily NPM estimated was 1.23 g/kg0.75 BW when using the comparative slaughter technique, while it was 3.18 g/kg0.75 BW when using the N balance technique for growing Saanen goats. The MPM estimated was 3.8 g/kg0.75 BW, the kPM was 0.33, and the kPG was 0.52. We observed that the NPM when using the comparative slaughter technique in growing Saanen goats is lower than that recommended by the current small ruminant feeding systems; on the other hand, the MPM was similar to previous reports by the feeding systems. Sex did not affect the protein requirements for maintenance and the efficiencies of use of metabolizable protein.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.650203/fullcomparative slaughtermetabolismN balanceruminantsexefficiency of use |
| spellingShingle | Anaiane P. Souza Anaiane P. Souza Julián A. C. Vargas Marcia H. M. R. Fernandes Amélia K. Almeida Kleber T. Resende Izabelle A. M. A. Teixeira Metabolizable Protein: 2. Requirements for Maintenance in Growing Saanen Goats Frontiers in Veterinary Science comparative slaughter metabolism N balance ruminant sex efficiency of use |
| title | Metabolizable Protein: 2. Requirements for Maintenance in Growing Saanen Goats |
| title_full | Metabolizable Protein: 2. Requirements for Maintenance in Growing Saanen Goats |
| title_fullStr | Metabolizable Protein: 2. Requirements for Maintenance in Growing Saanen Goats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolizable Protein: 2. Requirements for Maintenance in Growing Saanen Goats |
| title_short | Metabolizable Protein: 2. Requirements for Maintenance in Growing Saanen Goats |
| title_sort | metabolizable protein 2 requirements for maintenance in growing saanen goats |
| topic | comparative slaughter metabolism N balance ruminant sex efficiency of use |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.650203/full |
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