Homozygous LMNA p.R582H pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophy
Abstract Background Classical heterozygous pathogenic variants of the lamin A/C (LMNA) gene cause autosomal dominant familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2). However, recent reports indicate phenotypic heterogeneity among carriers of LMNA pathogenic variants, and a few patients have been assoc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40842-020-00100-9 |
| _version_ | 1818097222375440384 |
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| author | Utku Erdem Soyaltin Ilgin Yildirim Simsir Baris Akinci Canan Altay Suleyman Cem Adiyaman Kristen Lee Huseyin Onay Elif Arioglu Oral |
| author_facet | Utku Erdem Soyaltin Ilgin Yildirim Simsir Baris Akinci Canan Altay Suleyman Cem Adiyaman Kristen Lee Huseyin Onay Elif Arioglu Oral |
| author_sort | Utku Erdem Soyaltin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Classical heterozygous pathogenic variants of the lamin A/C (LMNA) gene cause autosomal dominant familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2). However, recent reports indicate phenotypic heterogeneity among carriers of LMNA pathogenic variants, and a few patients have been associated with generalized fat loss. Case presentation Here, we report a patient with a lamin A specific pathogenic variant in exon 11, denoted LMNA (c.1745G > A; p.R582H), present in the homozygous state. Fat distribution was compared radiographically to an unrelated heterozygote LMNA p.R582H patient from another pedigree, a healthy female control, a series of adult female subjects with congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1 (CGL1, n = 9), and typical FPLD2 (n = 8). The whole-body MRI of the index case confirmed near-total loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue with well-preserved fat in the retroorbital area, palms and soles, mons pubis, and external genital region. This pattern resembled the fat loss pattern observed in CGL1 with only one difference: strikingly more fat was observed around mons pubis and the genital region. Also, the p.R582H LMNA variant in homozygous fashion was associated with lower leptin level and earlier onset of metabolic abnormalities compared to heterozygous p.R582H variant and typical FPLD2 cases. On the other hand, the heterozygous LMNA p.R582H variant was associated with partial fat loss which was similar to typical FPLD2 but less severe than the patients with the hot-spot variants at position 482. Conclusions Our observations and radiological comparisons demonstrate an additive effect of LMNA pathogenic variants on the severity of fat loss and add to the body of evidence that there may be complex genotype-phenotype relationships in this interesting disease known as FPLD2. Although the pathological basis for fat loss is not well understood in patients harboring pathogenic variants in the LMNA gene, our observation suggests that genetic factors modulate the extent of fat loss in LMNA associated lipodystrophy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:17:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3c96ebba42c468a8310e376132b3b67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-8260 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:17:05Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3c96ebba42c468a8310e376132b3b672022-12-22T01:29:49ZengBMCClinical Diabetes and Endocrinology2055-82602020-07-01611610.1186/s40842-020-00100-9Homozygous LMNA p.R582H pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophyUtku Erdem Soyaltin0Ilgin Yildirim Simsir1Baris Akinci2Canan Altay3Suleyman Cem Adiyaman4Kristen Lee5Huseyin Onay6Elif Arioglu Oral7Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ege UniversityDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ege UniversityDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul UniversityDepartment of Radiology, Dokuz Eylul UniversityDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul UniversityDivision of Genetics, Metabolism & Genomic Medicine, Department of PediatricsDepartment of Medical Genetics, Ege UniversityDivision of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes (MEND), Department of Internal Medicine, University of MichiganAbstract Background Classical heterozygous pathogenic variants of the lamin A/C (LMNA) gene cause autosomal dominant familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2). However, recent reports indicate phenotypic heterogeneity among carriers of LMNA pathogenic variants, and a few patients have been associated with generalized fat loss. Case presentation Here, we report a patient with a lamin A specific pathogenic variant in exon 11, denoted LMNA (c.1745G > A; p.R582H), present in the homozygous state. Fat distribution was compared radiographically to an unrelated heterozygote LMNA p.R582H patient from another pedigree, a healthy female control, a series of adult female subjects with congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1 (CGL1, n = 9), and typical FPLD2 (n = 8). The whole-body MRI of the index case confirmed near-total loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue with well-preserved fat in the retroorbital area, palms and soles, mons pubis, and external genital region. This pattern resembled the fat loss pattern observed in CGL1 with only one difference: strikingly more fat was observed around mons pubis and the genital region. Also, the p.R582H LMNA variant in homozygous fashion was associated with lower leptin level and earlier onset of metabolic abnormalities compared to heterozygous p.R582H variant and typical FPLD2 cases. On the other hand, the heterozygous LMNA p.R582H variant was associated with partial fat loss which was similar to typical FPLD2 but less severe than the patients with the hot-spot variants at position 482. Conclusions Our observations and radiological comparisons demonstrate an additive effect of LMNA pathogenic variants on the severity of fat loss and add to the body of evidence that there may be complex genotype-phenotype relationships in this interesting disease known as FPLD2. Although the pathological basis for fat loss is not well understood in patients harboring pathogenic variants in the LMNA gene, our observation suggests that genetic factors modulate the extent of fat loss in LMNA associated lipodystrophy.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40842-020-00100-9LMNALamin AGeneralized lipodystrophyHomozygousPartial lipodystrophy |
| spellingShingle | Utku Erdem Soyaltin Ilgin Yildirim Simsir Baris Akinci Canan Altay Suleyman Cem Adiyaman Kristen Lee Huseyin Onay Elif Arioglu Oral Homozygous LMNA p.R582H pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophy Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology LMNA Lamin A Generalized lipodystrophy Homozygous Partial lipodystrophy |
| title | Homozygous LMNA p.R582H pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophy |
| title_full | Homozygous LMNA p.R582H pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophy |
| title_fullStr | Homozygous LMNA p.R582H pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Homozygous LMNA p.R582H pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophy |
| title_short | Homozygous LMNA p.R582H pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophy |
| title_sort | homozygous lmna p r582h pathogenic variant reveals increasing effect on the severity of fat loss in lipodystrophy |
| topic | LMNA Lamin A Generalized lipodystrophy Homozygous Partial lipodystrophy |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40842-020-00100-9 |
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