Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic
Abstract Introduction In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, pharmacists, despite their vital contributions, have faced significant challenges that have impacted their mental well-being, potentially leading to the development of Post-Traumatic Stress symptoms (PTSS). The aim of this study was to i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-02-01
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| Series: | BioPsychoSocial Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-024-00300-0 |
| _version_ | 1797274191515353088 |
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| author | Samar Younes Souheil Hallit Irfan Mohammed Sarah El Khatib Anna Brytek-Matera Shadrach Chinecherem Eze Kenneth Egwu Rawshan Jabeen Nebojša Pavlović Pascale Salameh Michelle Cherfane Marwan Akel Chadia Haddad Randa Choueiry Feten Fekih-Romdhane Katia Iskandar |
| author_facet | Samar Younes Souheil Hallit Irfan Mohammed Sarah El Khatib Anna Brytek-Matera Shadrach Chinecherem Eze Kenneth Egwu Rawshan Jabeen Nebojša Pavlović Pascale Salameh Michelle Cherfane Marwan Akel Chadia Haddad Randa Choueiry Feten Fekih-Romdhane Katia Iskandar |
| author_sort | Samar Younes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, pharmacists, despite their vital contributions, have faced significant challenges that have impacted their mental well-being, potentially leading to the development of Post-Traumatic Stress symptoms (PTSS). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of work-related fatigue as a potential moderator in the relationship between pharmacists’ resilience and their likelihood of experiencing PTSS during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted online in eight countries from January to December 2021, including Brazil, Lebanon, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Serbia, and Tunisia. The mediation analysis was conducted using PROCESS MACRO (an SPSS add-on) v3.4 model 1, taking work fatigue as a moderator in the association between resilience and PTSS. Results A total of 442 pharmacists were enrolled in this study (mean age = 33.91 ± 10.36 years) with 59.5% of them being females. The results were adjusted over country, gender, working in contact with COVID-19, working patients, working mandatory hours, working voluntary hours, age, household crowding index and number of months engaged in COVID-19. The interactions resilience by physical (Beta = 0.02; p = .029), mental (Beta = 0.02; p = .040) and emotional (Beta = 0.03; p = .008) work fatigue were significantly associated with PTSS; for pharmacists with low to moderate levels of physical (Beta = − 0.33; p < .001 and Beta = − 0.21; p = .001), mental (Beta = − 0.29; p < .001 and Beta = − 0.18; p = .006) and emotional (Beta = − 0.31; p < .001 and Beta = − 0.17; p = .008) work fatigue, higher resilience was significantly related to lower PTSS levels. However, for pharmacists with high levels of physical/mental/emotional work fatigue, the association between resilience and PTSS became non-significant. Conclusion This study highlights the complex relationship between work-related fatigue, resilience, and PTSS in pharmacists. It emphasizes the need to address work-related fatigue for pharmacists’ psychological well-being during crises, offering insights for tailored support and interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:54:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3c9e43d1c6142418457da149cbdbf4d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-0759 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:54:52Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioPsychoSocial Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3c9e43d1c6142418457da149cbdbf4d2024-03-05T19:30:33ZengBMCBioPsychoSocial Medicine1751-07592024-02-0118111110.1186/s13030-024-00300-0Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemicSamar Younes0Souheil Hallit1Irfan Mohammed2Sarah El Khatib3Anna Brytek-Matera4Shadrach Chinecherem Eze5Kenneth Egwu6Rawshan Jabeen7Nebojša Pavlović8Pascale Salameh9Michelle Cherfane10Marwan Akel11Chadia Haddad12Randa Choueiry13Feten Fekih-Romdhane14Katia Iskandar15Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese International UniversitySchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of KaslikDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of PelotasInstitut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT- LB)Eating Behavior Laboratory (EAT Younes et al. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, Institute of Psychology, University of WroclawFederal Medical CentreFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of NigeriaDepartment of Research & Development, Children’s Hospital KarachiDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi SadInstitut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT- LB)Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT- LB)Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese International UniversityInstitut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT- LB)Department of Medicinal Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi HospitalDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese International UniversityAbstract Introduction In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, pharmacists, despite their vital contributions, have faced significant challenges that have impacted their mental well-being, potentially leading to the development of Post-Traumatic Stress symptoms (PTSS). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of work-related fatigue as a potential moderator in the relationship between pharmacists’ resilience and their likelihood of experiencing PTSS during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted online in eight countries from January to December 2021, including Brazil, Lebanon, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Serbia, and Tunisia. The mediation analysis was conducted using PROCESS MACRO (an SPSS add-on) v3.4 model 1, taking work fatigue as a moderator in the association between resilience and PTSS. Results A total of 442 pharmacists were enrolled in this study (mean age = 33.91 ± 10.36 years) with 59.5% of them being females. The results were adjusted over country, gender, working in contact with COVID-19, working patients, working mandatory hours, working voluntary hours, age, household crowding index and number of months engaged in COVID-19. The interactions resilience by physical (Beta = 0.02; p = .029), mental (Beta = 0.02; p = .040) and emotional (Beta = 0.03; p = .008) work fatigue were significantly associated with PTSS; for pharmacists with low to moderate levels of physical (Beta = − 0.33; p < .001 and Beta = − 0.21; p = .001), mental (Beta = − 0.29; p < .001 and Beta = − 0.18; p = .006) and emotional (Beta = − 0.31; p < .001 and Beta = − 0.17; p = .008) work fatigue, higher resilience was significantly related to lower PTSS levels. However, for pharmacists with high levels of physical/mental/emotional work fatigue, the association between resilience and PTSS became non-significant. Conclusion This study highlights the complex relationship between work-related fatigue, resilience, and PTSS in pharmacists. It emphasizes the need to address work-related fatigue for pharmacists’ psychological well-being during crises, offering insights for tailored support and interventions.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-024-00300-0Work fatigueResiliencePosttraumatic stress disorderPharmacistsCOVID-19Multi-country study |
| spellingShingle | Samar Younes Souheil Hallit Irfan Mohammed Sarah El Khatib Anna Brytek-Matera Shadrach Chinecherem Eze Kenneth Egwu Rawshan Jabeen Nebojša Pavlović Pascale Salameh Michelle Cherfane Marwan Akel Chadia Haddad Randa Choueiry Feten Fekih-Romdhane Katia Iskandar Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic BioPsychoSocial Medicine Work fatigue Resilience Posttraumatic stress disorder Pharmacists COVID-19 Multi-country study |
| title | Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_full | Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_fullStr | Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_short | Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_sort | moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms a cross sectional multi country study among pharmacists during the covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | Work fatigue Resilience Posttraumatic stress disorder Pharmacists COVID-19 Multi-country study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-024-00300-0 |
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