An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals?
Although hand hygiene (HH) is the most effective intervention to reduce the spread of infections, there are limited data on HH facilities, policy, and compliance in sub-Saharan Africa. This cross-sectional study is aimed at assessing HH using the WHO HH self-assessment framework, HH technical refere...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/6/4/204 |
| _version_ | 1827669220887887872 |
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| author | Sulaiman Lakoh Emmanuel Firima Christine Ellen Elleanor Williams Sarah K. Conteh Mohamed Boie Jalloh Mohamed Gbeshay Sheku Olukemi Adekanmbi Stephen Sevalie Sylvia Adama Kamara Mohamed Akmed Salim Kamara Umu Barrie Gladys Nanilla Kamara Le Yi Xuejun Guo Chukwuemeka Haffner Matilda N. Kamara Darlinda F. Jiba Enanga Sonia Namanaga Anna Maruta Christiana Kallon Joseph Sam Kanu Gibrilla F. Deen Mohamed Samai Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor James B. W. Russell |
| author_facet | Sulaiman Lakoh Emmanuel Firima Christine Ellen Elleanor Williams Sarah K. Conteh Mohamed Boie Jalloh Mohamed Gbeshay Sheku Olukemi Adekanmbi Stephen Sevalie Sylvia Adama Kamara Mohamed Akmed Salim Kamara Umu Barrie Gladys Nanilla Kamara Le Yi Xuejun Guo Chukwuemeka Haffner Matilda N. Kamara Darlinda F. Jiba Enanga Sonia Namanaga Anna Maruta Christiana Kallon Joseph Sam Kanu Gibrilla F. Deen Mohamed Samai Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor James B. W. Russell |
| author_sort | Sulaiman Lakoh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although hand hygiene (HH) is the most effective intervention to reduce the spread of infections, there are limited data on HH facilities, policy, and compliance in sub-Saharan Africa. This cross-sectional study is aimed at assessing HH using the WHO HH self-assessment framework, HH technical reference manual, and a modified infection control self-assessment tool in two hospitals in Sierra Leone. Only 10% and 9% of regional and capital city hospitals had running tap water, respectively. Veronica buckets were the resources for HH in 89% of units in the regional hospital and 92% of units in capital city hospital. Constant supply of soap and alcohol-based hand rub was available in 82% and 68%; and 74% and 79% of units in the capital city and regional hospitals, respectively. Only 10% of the units in both hospitals had hand-drying facilities and functional sinks. Overall HH compliance for the two hospitals was 18.6% and was higher in the regional (20.8%) than the capital city (17.0%) hospitals. The HH levels for the capital city and regional hospitals were 277.5 and 262.5 respectively. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, there are still challenges with HH compliance in Sierra Leone. It is, therefore, necessary to strengthen the HH multi-modal strategy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:57:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3cb541e75804ff7b68e5fc45f3e6306 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:57:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3cb541e75804ff7b68e5fc45f3e63062023-11-23T10:52:04ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662021-11-016420410.3390/tropicalmed6040204An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals?Sulaiman Lakoh0Emmanuel Firima1Christine Ellen Elleanor Williams2Sarah K. Conteh3Mohamed Boie Jalloh4Mohamed Gbeshay Sheku5Olukemi Adekanmbi6Stephen Sevalie7Sylvia Adama Kamara8Mohamed Akmed Salim Kamara9Umu Barrie10Gladys Nanilla Kamara11Le Yi12Xuejun Guo13Chukwuemeka Haffner14Matilda N. Kamara15Darlinda F. Jiba16Enanga Sonia Namanaga17Anna Maruta18Christiana Kallon19Joseph Sam Kanu20Gibrilla F. Deen21Mohamed Samai22Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor23James B. W. Russell24College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneClinical Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4051 Basel, SwitzerlandMinistry of Health and Sanitation, Government of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneMinistry of Health and Sanitation, Government of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneMinistry of Health and Sanitation, Government of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, NigeriaCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone34 Military Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone34 Military Hospital, Freetown, Sierra LeoneInfectious Disease Research Network, Freetown, Sierra Leone34 Military Hospital, Freetown, Sierra LeoneChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, ChinaChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, ChinaMinistry of Health and Sanitation, Government of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneMinistry of Health and Sanitation, Government of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneMinistry of Health and Sanitation, Government of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneWorld Health Organization Country Office, Freetown, Sierra LeoneMinistry of Health and Sanitation, Government of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneWorld Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville P.O. Box 06, CongoCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra LeoneAlthough hand hygiene (HH) is the most effective intervention to reduce the spread of infections, there are limited data on HH facilities, policy, and compliance in sub-Saharan Africa. This cross-sectional study is aimed at assessing HH using the WHO HH self-assessment framework, HH technical reference manual, and a modified infection control self-assessment tool in two hospitals in Sierra Leone. Only 10% and 9% of regional and capital city hospitals had running tap water, respectively. Veronica buckets were the resources for HH in 89% of units in the regional hospital and 92% of units in capital city hospital. Constant supply of soap and alcohol-based hand rub was available in 82% and 68%; and 74% and 79% of units in the capital city and regional hospitals, respectively. Only 10% of the units in both hospitals had hand-drying facilities and functional sinks. Overall HH compliance for the two hospitals was 18.6% and was higher in the regional (20.8%) than the capital city (17.0%) hospitals. The HH levels for the capital city and regional hospitals were 277.5 and 262.5 respectively. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, there are still challenges with HH compliance in Sierra Leone. It is, therefore, necessary to strengthen the HH multi-modal strategy.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/6/4/204hand hygienehand washingalcohol-based hand rubcomplianceSierra Leone |
| spellingShingle | Sulaiman Lakoh Emmanuel Firima Christine Ellen Elleanor Williams Sarah K. Conteh Mohamed Boie Jalloh Mohamed Gbeshay Sheku Olukemi Adekanmbi Stephen Sevalie Sylvia Adama Kamara Mohamed Akmed Salim Kamara Umu Barrie Gladys Nanilla Kamara Le Yi Xuejun Guo Chukwuemeka Haffner Matilda N. Kamara Darlinda F. Jiba Enanga Sonia Namanaga Anna Maruta Christiana Kallon Joseph Sam Kanu Gibrilla F. Deen Mohamed Samai Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor James B. W. Russell An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals? Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease hand hygiene hand washing alcohol-based hand rub compliance Sierra Leone |
| title | An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals? |
| title_full | An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals? |
| title_fullStr | An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals? |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals? |
| title_short | An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals? |
| title_sort | intra covid 19 assessment of hand hygiene facility policy and staff compliance in two hospitals in sierra leone is there a difference between regional and capital city hospitals |
| topic | hand hygiene hand washing alcohol-based hand rub compliance Sierra Leone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/6/4/204 |
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