Risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.

<h4>Objective</h4>To identify risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a prospective cohort study at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, from October 2017 to April 2018. We report associations of exposures in...

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Main Authors: Justin K Banerdt, Kondwelani Mateyo, Yan Yan, Dandan Liu, Yi Zuo, Chiara Di Gravio, Julia C Thome, Elisabeth D Riviello, Deanna Saylor, E Wesley Ely, Douglas C Heimburger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249097
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author Justin K Banerdt
Kondwelani Mateyo
Yan Yan
Dandan Liu
Yi Zuo
Chiara Di Gravio
Julia C Thome
Elisabeth D Riviello
Deanna Saylor
E Wesley Ely
Douglas C Heimburger
author_facet Justin K Banerdt
Kondwelani Mateyo
Yan Yan
Dandan Liu
Yi Zuo
Chiara Di Gravio
Julia C Thome
Elisabeth D Riviello
Deanna Saylor
E Wesley Ely
Douglas C Heimburger
author_sort Justin K Banerdt
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Objective</h4>To identify risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a prospective cohort study at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, from October 2017 to April 2018. We report associations of exposures including sociodemographic and clinical factors with delirium over the first three days of hospital admission, assessed using a modified Brief Confusion Assessment Method (bCAM).<h4>Findings</h4>749 patients were included for analysis (mean age, 42.9 years; 64.8% men; 47.3% with HIV). In individual regression analyses of potential delirium risk factors adjusted for age, sex and education, factors significantly associated with delirium included being divorced/widowed (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.09-2.47), lowest tercile income (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04-2.40), informal employment (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.25-3.15), untreated HIV infection (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.21-4.06), unknown HIV status (OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.47-6.16), history of stroke (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.15-7.19), depression/anxiety (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.08-2.14), alcohol overuse (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.39-2.79), sedatives ordered on admission (OR 3.77, 95% CI 1.70-9.54), severity of illness (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.82-2.22), neurological (OR 7.66, 95% CI 4.90-12.24) and pulmonary-system admission diagnoses (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.29-2.85), and sepsis (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.51-4.08). After combining significant risk factors into a multivariable regression analysis, severity of illness, history of stroke, and being divorced/widowed remained predictive of delirium (p<0.05).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Among hospitalized adults at a national referral hospital in Zambia, severity of illness, history of stroke, and being divorced/widowed were independently predictive of delirium. Extension of this work will inform future efforts to prevent, detect, and manage delirium in low- and middle-income countries.
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spelling doaj.art-c3d255d5ad19406c9cc4878f4ecb5c262022-12-21T20:06:28ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01164e024909710.1371/journal.pone.0249097Risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.Justin K BanerdtKondwelani MateyoYan YanDandan LiuYi ZuoChiara Di GravioJulia C ThomeElisabeth D RivielloDeanna SaylorE Wesley ElyDouglas C Heimburger<h4>Objective</h4>To identify risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a prospective cohort study at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, from October 2017 to April 2018. We report associations of exposures including sociodemographic and clinical factors with delirium over the first three days of hospital admission, assessed using a modified Brief Confusion Assessment Method (bCAM).<h4>Findings</h4>749 patients were included for analysis (mean age, 42.9 years; 64.8% men; 47.3% with HIV). In individual regression analyses of potential delirium risk factors adjusted for age, sex and education, factors significantly associated with delirium included being divorced/widowed (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.09-2.47), lowest tercile income (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04-2.40), informal employment (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.25-3.15), untreated HIV infection (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.21-4.06), unknown HIV status (OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.47-6.16), history of stroke (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.15-7.19), depression/anxiety (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.08-2.14), alcohol overuse (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.39-2.79), sedatives ordered on admission (OR 3.77, 95% CI 1.70-9.54), severity of illness (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.82-2.22), neurological (OR 7.66, 95% CI 4.90-12.24) and pulmonary-system admission diagnoses (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.29-2.85), and sepsis (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.51-4.08). After combining significant risk factors into a multivariable regression analysis, severity of illness, history of stroke, and being divorced/widowed remained predictive of delirium (p<0.05).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Among hospitalized adults at a national referral hospital in Zambia, severity of illness, history of stroke, and being divorced/widowed were independently predictive of delirium. Extension of this work will inform future efforts to prevent, detect, and manage delirium in low- and middle-income countries.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249097
spellingShingle Justin K Banerdt
Kondwelani Mateyo
Yan Yan
Dandan Liu
Yi Zuo
Chiara Di Gravio
Julia C Thome
Elisabeth D Riviello
Deanna Saylor
E Wesley Ely
Douglas C Heimburger
Risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.
PLoS ONE
title Risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.
title_full Risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.
title_fullStr Risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.
title_short Risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in Zambia.
title_sort risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients in zambia
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249097
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