The Surprisingly Positive Effect of Zinc-Phthalocyanines With High Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Melanoma Cancer
Phthalocyanine (Pc) dyes are photoactive molecules that can absorb and emit light in the visible spectrum, especially in the red region of the spectrum, with great potential for biological scopes. For this target, it is important to guarantee a high Pc solubility, and the use of suitable pyridinium...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2022.825716/full |
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| author | Kelly A. D. F. Castro Juliana A. Prandini Juliana Cristina Biazzotto João P. C. Tomé Roberto S. da Silva Leandro M. O. Lourenço |
| author_facet | Kelly A. D. F. Castro Juliana A. Prandini Juliana Cristina Biazzotto João P. C. Tomé Roberto S. da Silva Leandro M. O. Lourenço |
| author_sort | Kelly A. D. F. Castro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phthalocyanine (Pc) dyes are photoactive molecules that can absorb and emit light in the visible spectrum, especially in the red region of the spectrum, with great potential for biological scopes. For this target, it is important to guarantee a high Pc solubility, and the use of suitable pyridinium units on their structure can be a good strategy to use effective photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancer cells. Zn(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) conjugated with thiopyridinium units (1–3) were evaluated as PS drugs against B16F10 melanoma cells, and their photophysical, photochemical, and in vitro photobiological properties were determined. The photodynamic efficiency of the tetra- and octa-cationic ZnPcs 1–3 was studied and compared at 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 µM. The different number of charge units, and the presence/absence of a-F atoms on the Pc structure, contributes for their PDT efficacy. The 3-(4′,5′-dimethylthiazol-2′-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays on B16F10 melanoma cells show a moderate to high capacity to be photoinactivated by ZnPcs 1–3 (ZnPc 1 > ZnPc 2 > ZnPc 3). The best PDT conditions were found at a Pc concentration of 20 μM, under red light (λ = 660 ± 20 nm) at an irradiance of 4.5 mW/cm2 for 667 s (light dose of 3 J/cm2). In these conditions, it is noteworthy that the cationic ZnPc 1 shows a promising photoinactivation ratio, reaching the detection limit of the MTT method. Moreover, these results are comparable to the better ones in the literature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:27:02Z |
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| issn | 2296-2646 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:27:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3d8903ef0444859b860f1e8eeeb99e92022-12-21T18:35:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemistry2296-26462022-03-011010.3389/fchem.2022.825716825716The Surprisingly Positive Effect of Zinc-Phthalocyanines With High Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Melanoma CancerKelly A. D. F. Castro0Juliana A. Prandini1Juliana Cristina Biazzotto2João P. C. Tomé3Roberto S. da Silva4Leandro M. O. Lourenço5Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, BrazilDepartment of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, BrazilDepartment of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, BrazilCentro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences & Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, PortugalDepartment of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, BrazilLAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, PortugalPhthalocyanine (Pc) dyes are photoactive molecules that can absorb and emit light in the visible spectrum, especially in the red region of the spectrum, with great potential for biological scopes. For this target, it is important to guarantee a high Pc solubility, and the use of suitable pyridinium units on their structure can be a good strategy to use effective photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancer cells. Zn(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) conjugated with thiopyridinium units (1–3) were evaluated as PS drugs against B16F10 melanoma cells, and their photophysical, photochemical, and in vitro photobiological properties were determined. The photodynamic efficiency of the tetra- and octa-cationic ZnPcs 1–3 was studied and compared at 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 µM. The different number of charge units, and the presence/absence of a-F atoms on the Pc structure, contributes for their PDT efficacy. The 3-(4′,5′-dimethylthiazol-2′-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays on B16F10 melanoma cells show a moderate to high capacity to be photoinactivated by ZnPcs 1–3 (ZnPc 1 > ZnPc 2 > ZnPc 3). The best PDT conditions were found at a Pc concentration of 20 μM, under red light (λ = 660 ± 20 nm) at an irradiance of 4.5 mW/cm2 for 667 s (light dose of 3 J/cm2). In these conditions, it is noteworthy that the cationic ZnPc 1 shows a promising photoinactivation ratio, reaching the detection limit of the MTT method. Moreover, these results are comparable to the better ones in the literature.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2022.825716/fullphotodynamic therapy (PDT)photosensitizercationic phthalocyaninemelanomacancer cellsin vitro assay |
| spellingShingle | Kelly A. D. F. Castro Juliana A. Prandini Juliana Cristina Biazzotto João P. C. Tomé Roberto S. da Silva Leandro M. O. Lourenço The Surprisingly Positive Effect of Zinc-Phthalocyanines With High Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Melanoma Cancer Frontiers in Chemistry photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizer cationic phthalocyanine melanoma cancer cells in vitro assay |
| title | The Surprisingly Positive Effect of Zinc-Phthalocyanines With High Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Melanoma Cancer |
| title_full | The Surprisingly Positive Effect of Zinc-Phthalocyanines With High Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Melanoma Cancer |
| title_fullStr | The Surprisingly Positive Effect of Zinc-Phthalocyanines With High Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Melanoma Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Surprisingly Positive Effect of Zinc-Phthalocyanines With High Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Melanoma Cancer |
| title_short | The Surprisingly Positive Effect of Zinc-Phthalocyanines With High Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Melanoma Cancer |
| title_sort | surprisingly positive effect of zinc phthalocyanines with high photodynamic therapy efficacy of melanoma cancer |
| topic | photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizer cationic phthalocyanine melanoma cancer cells in vitro assay |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2022.825716/full |
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