Human-Induced Landscape Changes Homogenize Atlantic Forest Bird Assemblages through Nested Species Loss.
The increasing number of quantitative assessments of homogenization using citizen science data is particularly important in the Neotropics, given its high biodiversity and ecological peculiarity, and whose communities may react differently to landscape changes. We looked for evidence of taxonomic ho...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2016-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4739515?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819096238097694720 |
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| author | Marcelo Alejandro Villegas Vallejos André Andrian Padial Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule |
| author_facet | Marcelo Alejandro Villegas Vallejos André Andrian Padial Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule |
| author_sort | Marcelo Alejandro Villegas Vallejos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing number of quantitative assessments of homogenization using citizen science data is particularly important in the Neotropics, given its high biodiversity and ecological peculiarity, and whose communities may react differently to landscape changes. We looked for evidence of taxonomic homogenization in terrestrial birds by investigating patterns of beta diversity along a gradient of human-altered landscapes (HAL), trying to identify species associated with this process. We analyzed bird data from 87 sites sampled in a citizen science program in the south Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Regional-scale taxonomic homogenization was assessed by comparing beta diversity among sites in different HALs (natural, rural or urban landscapes) accounting for variation derived from geographical distance and zoogeographical affinities by georeferencing sites and determining their position in a phytogeographical domain. Beta diversity was calculated by multivariate dispersion and by testing compositional changes due to turnover and nestedness among HALs and phytogeographical domains. Finally, we assessed which species were typical for each group using indicator species analysis. Bird homogenization was indicated by decreases in beta diversity following landscape changes. Beta diversity of rural sites was roughly half that of natural habitats, while urban sites held less than 10% of the natural areas' beta diversity. Species composition analysis revealed that the turnover component was important in differentiating sites depending on HAL and phytogeography; the nestedness component was important among HALs, where directional species loss is maintained even considering effects of sampling effort. A similar result was obtained among phytogeographical domains, indicating nested-pattern dissimilarity among compositions of overlapping communities. As expected, a few native generalists and non-native urban specialists were characteristic of rural and urban sites. We generated strong evidence that taxonomic homogenization occurs in the south Brazilian Atlantic Forest as a result of a directional and nested species loss, with the resultant assemblages composed of few disturbance-tolerant birds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:56:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3df020f37d048cda3d11e4c07ce688e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:56:01Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3df020f37d048cda3d11e4c07ce688e2022-12-21T18:45:49ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032016-01-01112e014705810.1371/journal.pone.0147058Human-Induced Landscape Changes Homogenize Atlantic Forest Bird Assemblages through Nested Species Loss.Marcelo Alejandro Villegas VallejosAndré Andrian PadialJean Ricardo Simões VituleThe increasing number of quantitative assessments of homogenization using citizen science data is particularly important in the Neotropics, given its high biodiversity and ecological peculiarity, and whose communities may react differently to landscape changes. We looked for evidence of taxonomic homogenization in terrestrial birds by investigating patterns of beta diversity along a gradient of human-altered landscapes (HAL), trying to identify species associated with this process. We analyzed bird data from 87 sites sampled in a citizen science program in the south Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Regional-scale taxonomic homogenization was assessed by comparing beta diversity among sites in different HALs (natural, rural or urban landscapes) accounting for variation derived from geographical distance and zoogeographical affinities by georeferencing sites and determining their position in a phytogeographical domain. Beta diversity was calculated by multivariate dispersion and by testing compositional changes due to turnover and nestedness among HALs and phytogeographical domains. Finally, we assessed which species were typical for each group using indicator species analysis. Bird homogenization was indicated by decreases in beta diversity following landscape changes. Beta diversity of rural sites was roughly half that of natural habitats, while urban sites held less than 10% of the natural areas' beta diversity. Species composition analysis revealed that the turnover component was important in differentiating sites depending on HAL and phytogeography; the nestedness component was important among HALs, where directional species loss is maintained even considering effects of sampling effort. A similar result was obtained among phytogeographical domains, indicating nested-pattern dissimilarity among compositions of overlapping communities. As expected, a few native generalists and non-native urban specialists were characteristic of rural and urban sites. We generated strong evidence that taxonomic homogenization occurs in the south Brazilian Atlantic Forest as a result of a directional and nested species loss, with the resultant assemblages composed of few disturbance-tolerant birds.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4739515?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Marcelo Alejandro Villegas Vallejos André Andrian Padial Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule Human-Induced Landscape Changes Homogenize Atlantic Forest Bird Assemblages through Nested Species Loss. PLoS ONE |
| title | Human-Induced Landscape Changes Homogenize Atlantic Forest Bird Assemblages through Nested Species Loss. |
| title_full | Human-Induced Landscape Changes Homogenize Atlantic Forest Bird Assemblages through Nested Species Loss. |
| title_fullStr | Human-Induced Landscape Changes Homogenize Atlantic Forest Bird Assemblages through Nested Species Loss. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human-Induced Landscape Changes Homogenize Atlantic Forest Bird Assemblages through Nested Species Loss. |
| title_short | Human-Induced Landscape Changes Homogenize Atlantic Forest Bird Assemblages through Nested Species Loss. |
| title_sort | human induced landscape changes homogenize atlantic forest bird assemblages through nested species loss |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4739515?pdf=render |
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