Citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorus
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In soils with a low phosphorus (P) supply, sugar beet is known to intake more P than other species such as maize, wheat, or groundnut. We hypothesized that organic compounds exuded by sugar beet roots solubilize soil P and that this...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2011-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/11/121 |
| _version_ | 1818824102525272064 |
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| author | Karlovsky Petr Steingrobe Bernd Ratzinger Astrid Hettwer Ursula Khorassani Reza Claassen Norbert |
| author_facet | Karlovsky Petr Steingrobe Bernd Ratzinger Astrid Hettwer Ursula Khorassani Reza Claassen Norbert |
| author_sort | Karlovsky Petr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In soils with a low phosphorus (P) supply, sugar beet is known to intake more P than other species such as maize, wheat, or groundnut. We hypothesized that organic compounds exuded by sugar beet roots solubilize soil P and that this exudation is stimulated by P starvation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Root exudates were collected from plants grown in hydroponics under low- and high-P availability. Exudate components were separated by HPLC, ionized by electrospray, and detected by mass spectrometry in the range of mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) from 100 to 1000. Eight mass spectrometric signals were enhanced at least 5-fold by low P availability at all harvest times. Among these signals, negative ions with an m/z of 137 and 147 were shown to originate from salicylic acid and citramalic acid. The ability of both compounds to mobilize soil P was demonstrated by incubation of pure substances with Oxisol soil fertilized with calcium phosphate.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Root exudates of sugar beet contain salicylic acid and citramalic acid, the latter of which has rarely been detected in plants so far. Both metabolites solubilize soil P and their exudation by roots is stimulated by P deficiency. These results provide the first assignment of a biological function to citramalic acid of plant origin.</p> |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T23:50:32Z |
| publishDate | 2011-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3df97c4db1f45a8aa4b47c1daadd90b2022-12-21T20:46:59ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292011-08-0111112110.1186/1471-2229-11-121Citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorusKarlovsky PetrSteingrobe BerndRatzinger AstridHettwer UrsulaKhorassani RezaClaassen Norbert<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In soils with a low phosphorus (P) supply, sugar beet is known to intake more P than other species such as maize, wheat, or groundnut. We hypothesized that organic compounds exuded by sugar beet roots solubilize soil P and that this exudation is stimulated by P starvation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Root exudates were collected from plants grown in hydroponics under low- and high-P availability. Exudate components were separated by HPLC, ionized by electrospray, and detected by mass spectrometry in the range of mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) from 100 to 1000. Eight mass spectrometric signals were enhanced at least 5-fold by low P availability at all harvest times. Among these signals, negative ions with an m/z of 137 and 147 were shown to originate from salicylic acid and citramalic acid. The ability of both compounds to mobilize soil P was demonstrated by incubation of pure substances with Oxisol soil fertilized with calcium phosphate.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Root exudates of sugar beet contain salicylic acid and citramalic acid, the latter of which has rarely been detected in plants so far. Both metabolites solubilize soil P and their exudation by roots is stimulated by P deficiency. These results provide the first assignment of a biological function to citramalic acid of plant origin.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/11/121 |
| spellingShingle | Karlovsky Petr Steingrobe Bernd Ratzinger Astrid Hettwer Ursula Khorassani Reza Claassen Norbert Citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorus BMC Plant Biology |
| title | Citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorus |
| title_full | Citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorus |
| title_fullStr | Citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorus |
| title_short | Citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorus |
| title_sort | citramalic acid and salicylic acid in sugar beet root exudates solubilize soil phosphorus |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/11/121 |
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