Degradation of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Sewage Sludge Batch Tests
The degradation studies of cocaine and its principal metabolites, benzoylecgonine, as emerging pollutants were carried out using various sludge types collected from the RAF Molesworth Sewage Treatment Work (STW) to determine their distribution and persistence in aquatic environment. The methodology...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Fountain University Osogbo
2017-06-01
|
| Series: | Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences (FUJNAS) |
| Online Access: | https://www.fountainjournals.com/index.php/FUJNAS/article/view/165 |
| _version_ | 1827796747602100224 |
|---|---|
| author | A. O. Mustapha C. Michael W. B. Jason |
| author_facet | A. O. Mustapha C. Michael W. B. Jason |
| author_sort | A. O. Mustapha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
The degradation studies of cocaine and its principal metabolites, benzoylecgonine, as emerging pollutants were carried out using various sludge types collected from the RAF Molesworth Sewage Treatment Work (STW) to determine their distribution and persistence in aquatic environment. The methodology, initially characterized the various sludge types before the laboratory batch tests were carried out at different temperatures and times. The results, after 3 hours equilibration of batch samples, showed the removal rates for cocaine and benzoylecgonine to be 91.0% and 90.6%, respectively. The partition coefficients (Kd) for the two substances ranged from 2.7 – 31.9 Kg L-1. Degradation of compounds was found to be both biotic and abiotic and the two processes produced many short chain compounds and several metabolites that include cocaethylene and ecgonine methylester. Also at 4 ± 0.5o C, the degradation of substances occurred slowly, at 5 and 10 % but was relatively greater at 19 ± 0.5o C. Compounds degradation was also influenced by both extracellular and intracellular enzyme activities. The batch study is an innovative method in calculating degradation rates of compounds from sewage treatment works. The capabilities of generating removal rates of drugs have also been clearly demonstrated in this work and can be applied to any organic compounds in real life (STWs) situations.
Keywords: Wastewater, Biodegradation, Intracellular, Extracellular, Sewage treatment
|
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:11:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3dfeaabda8d4dd5a4df871fc93dd7ad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2350-1863 2354-337X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:11:30Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Fountain University Osogbo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences (FUJNAS) |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3dfeaabda8d4dd5a4df871fc93dd7ad2023-10-09T17:08:29ZengFountain University OsogboFountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences (FUJNAS)2350-18632354-337X2017-06-016110.53704/fujnas.v6i1.165Degradation of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Sewage Sludge Batch TestsA. O. Mustapha0C. Michael1W. B. Jason2Department of Chemical, Geological & Physical Sciences, Kwara State University, MaleteDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, School of Science & Technology, Eramus Darwin Building, Nottingham Trent University, NottinghamPharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool John More University, Liverpool The degradation studies of cocaine and its principal metabolites, benzoylecgonine, as emerging pollutants were carried out using various sludge types collected from the RAF Molesworth Sewage Treatment Work (STW) to determine their distribution and persistence in aquatic environment. The methodology, initially characterized the various sludge types before the laboratory batch tests were carried out at different temperatures and times. The results, after 3 hours equilibration of batch samples, showed the removal rates for cocaine and benzoylecgonine to be 91.0% and 90.6%, respectively. The partition coefficients (Kd) for the two substances ranged from 2.7 – 31.9 Kg L-1. Degradation of compounds was found to be both biotic and abiotic and the two processes produced many short chain compounds and several metabolites that include cocaethylene and ecgonine methylester. Also at 4 ± 0.5o C, the degradation of substances occurred slowly, at 5 and 10 % but was relatively greater at 19 ± 0.5o C. Compounds degradation was also influenced by both extracellular and intracellular enzyme activities. The batch study is an innovative method in calculating degradation rates of compounds from sewage treatment works. The capabilities of generating removal rates of drugs have also been clearly demonstrated in this work and can be applied to any organic compounds in real life (STWs) situations. Keywords: Wastewater, Biodegradation, Intracellular, Extracellular, Sewage treatment https://www.fountainjournals.com/index.php/FUJNAS/article/view/165 |
| spellingShingle | A. O. Mustapha C. Michael W. B. Jason Degradation of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Sewage Sludge Batch Tests Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences (FUJNAS) |
| title | Degradation of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Sewage Sludge Batch Tests |
| title_full | Degradation of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Sewage Sludge Batch Tests |
| title_fullStr | Degradation of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Sewage Sludge Batch Tests |
| title_full_unstemmed | Degradation of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Sewage Sludge Batch Tests |
| title_short | Degradation of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Sewage Sludge Batch Tests |
| title_sort | degradation of cocaine and benzoylecgonine in sewage sludge batch tests |
| url | https://www.fountainjournals.com/index.php/FUJNAS/article/view/165 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aomustapha degradationofcocaineandbenzoylecgonineinsewagesludgebatchtests AT cmichael degradationofcocaineandbenzoylecgonineinsewagesludgebatchtests AT wbjason degradationofcocaineandbenzoylecgonineinsewagesludgebatchtests |