A Survey of Tick Infestation and Tick-Borne Piroplasm Infection of Cattle in Oudalan and Séno Provinces, Northern Burkina Faso
In this study, cattle farms located in Oudalan and Séno, two provinces in the Sahel region, northern Burkina Faso, were surveyed. Cattle owners were interviewed, cattle were examined for tick infestation, and ticks as well as blood samples were collected during the dry season (October). Blood DNA sa...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/1/31 |
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| author | Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni Germaine Lim-Bamba Minoungou Christian Enonkpon Dovonou Eloiza May Galon Artemis Efstratiou Maria Agnes Tumwebaze Benedicto Byamukama Patrick Vudriko Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji Hiroshi Suzuki Xuenan Xuan |
| author_facet | Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni Germaine Lim-Bamba Minoungou Christian Enonkpon Dovonou Eloiza May Galon Artemis Efstratiou Maria Agnes Tumwebaze Benedicto Byamukama Patrick Vudriko Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji Hiroshi Suzuki Xuenan Xuan |
| author_sort | Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, cattle farms located in Oudalan and Séno, two provinces in the Sahel region, northern Burkina Faso, were surveyed. Cattle owners were interviewed, cattle were examined for tick infestation, and ticks as well as blood samples were collected during the dry season (October). Blood DNA samples were tested for <i>Babesia</i> and <i>Theileria</i> infections using nested PCRs and sequencing. A total of 22 herds, 174 Zebu cattle were investigated at 6 different sites. Overall, 76 cattle (43.7 %) from 18 farms (81.8%) were found infested with ticks. Cattle in Séno, adult cattle (>5 years) and those owned by the Fulani ethnic group were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) more likely to be tick-infested. A total of 144 adult ticks belonging to five species namely: <i>Hyalomma impeltatum</i>, <i>Hyalomma impressum</i>, <i>Hyalomma rufipes</i>, <i>Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi</i>, and <i>Rhipicephalus guilhoni</i> were collected from the animals. Piroplasms were detected in the blood DNA of 23 (13.2%) cattle. The cattle in Séno and adult cattle were significantly more likely to be piroplasm-positive. Five pathogens diversely distributed were identified. <i>Theileria mutans</i> (12/174), <i>Babesia bigemina</i> (5/174), <i>Theileria annulata</i> (3/174), and <i>Theileria velifera</i> (3/174) were detected for the first time in northern Burkina Faso, whereas <i>Babesia occultans</i> (1/174) was found for the first time in cattle in West Africa. The analysis of the sequences, including <i>B. bigemina RAP-1a</i>, <i>T. annulata Tams1</i> genes, and the 18S rRNA genes of all the five protozoa, revealed identities ranging from 98.4 to 100% with previously published sequences. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 18S rRNA gene sequences located north Burkina Faso piroplasms in the same clade as isolates from Africa and other regions of the world. Notably, <i>T. mutans</i> sequences were distributed in two clades: the <i>T. mutans</i> Intona strain clade and the <i>Theileria</i> sp. (strain MSD)/ <i>Theileria</i> sp. B15a clade, suggesting the presence of at least two strains in the area. These findings indicate that the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases should be taken into account in strategies to improve animal health in the Sahel region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:46:28Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:46:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3e10dcf40ab483391f1490a427d38482023-11-23T14:59:20ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-12-011113110.3390/pathogens11010031A Survey of Tick Infestation and Tick-Borne Piroplasm Infection of Cattle in Oudalan and Séno Provinces, Northern Burkina FasoPaul Franck Adjou Moumouni0Germaine Lim-Bamba Minoungou1Christian Enonkpon Dovonou2Eloiza May Galon3Artemis Efstratiou4Maria Agnes Tumwebaze5Benedicto Byamukama6Patrick Vudriko7Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji8Hiroshi Suzuki9Xuenan Xuan10National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanLaboratoire National d’Elevage, Rue du 11 Décembre, Ouagadougou 09 BP 907, Burkina FasoDierenartsen Zonder Grenzen–Vétérinaires Sans Frontières Belgique, Burkina Faso Office, Avenue Charles de Gaulle, Ouagadougou 06 BP 9508, Burkina FasoNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, JapanIn this study, cattle farms located in Oudalan and Séno, two provinces in the Sahel region, northern Burkina Faso, were surveyed. Cattle owners were interviewed, cattle were examined for tick infestation, and ticks as well as blood samples were collected during the dry season (October). Blood DNA samples were tested for <i>Babesia</i> and <i>Theileria</i> infections using nested PCRs and sequencing. A total of 22 herds, 174 Zebu cattle were investigated at 6 different sites. Overall, 76 cattle (43.7 %) from 18 farms (81.8%) were found infested with ticks. Cattle in Séno, adult cattle (>5 years) and those owned by the Fulani ethnic group were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) more likely to be tick-infested. A total of 144 adult ticks belonging to five species namely: <i>Hyalomma impeltatum</i>, <i>Hyalomma impressum</i>, <i>Hyalomma rufipes</i>, <i>Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi</i>, and <i>Rhipicephalus guilhoni</i> were collected from the animals. Piroplasms were detected in the blood DNA of 23 (13.2%) cattle. The cattle in Séno and adult cattle were significantly more likely to be piroplasm-positive. Five pathogens diversely distributed were identified. <i>Theileria mutans</i> (12/174), <i>Babesia bigemina</i> (5/174), <i>Theileria annulata</i> (3/174), and <i>Theileria velifera</i> (3/174) were detected for the first time in northern Burkina Faso, whereas <i>Babesia occultans</i> (1/174) was found for the first time in cattle in West Africa. The analysis of the sequences, including <i>B. bigemina RAP-1a</i>, <i>T. annulata Tams1</i> genes, and the 18S rRNA genes of all the five protozoa, revealed identities ranging from 98.4 to 100% with previously published sequences. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 18S rRNA gene sequences located north Burkina Faso piroplasms in the same clade as isolates from Africa and other regions of the world. Notably, <i>T. mutans</i> sequences were distributed in two clades: the <i>T. mutans</i> Intona strain clade and the <i>Theileria</i> sp. (strain MSD)/ <i>Theileria</i> sp. B15a clade, suggesting the presence of at least two strains in the area. These findings indicate that the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases should be taken into account in strategies to improve animal health in the Sahel region.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/1/31<i>Babesia</i>Burkina Fasocattleepidemiology<i>Theileria</i>tick species |
| spellingShingle | Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni Germaine Lim-Bamba Minoungou Christian Enonkpon Dovonou Eloiza May Galon Artemis Efstratiou Maria Agnes Tumwebaze Benedicto Byamukama Patrick Vudriko Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji Hiroshi Suzuki Xuenan Xuan A Survey of Tick Infestation and Tick-Borne Piroplasm Infection of Cattle in Oudalan and Séno Provinces, Northern Burkina Faso Pathogens <i>Babesia</i> Burkina Faso cattle epidemiology <i>Theileria</i> tick species |
| title | A Survey of Tick Infestation and Tick-Borne Piroplasm Infection of Cattle in Oudalan and Séno Provinces, Northern Burkina Faso |
| title_full | A Survey of Tick Infestation and Tick-Borne Piroplasm Infection of Cattle in Oudalan and Séno Provinces, Northern Burkina Faso |
| title_fullStr | A Survey of Tick Infestation and Tick-Borne Piroplasm Infection of Cattle in Oudalan and Séno Provinces, Northern Burkina Faso |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Survey of Tick Infestation and Tick-Borne Piroplasm Infection of Cattle in Oudalan and Séno Provinces, Northern Burkina Faso |
| title_short | A Survey of Tick Infestation and Tick-Borne Piroplasm Infection of Cattle in Oudalan and Séno Provinces, Northern Burkina Faso |
| title_sort | survey of tick infestation and tick borne piroplasm infection of cattle in oudalan and seno provinces northern burkina faso |
| topic | <i>Babesia</i> Burkina Faso cattle epidemiology <i>Theileria</i> tick species |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/1/31 |
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