Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions
Iron (Fe) is one of the major micronutrient crucial for plant growth, yield and quality. A field experiment was conducted in Fallujah, Iraq during the autumn season in 2019 to study the effects of foliar application of iron and irrigation levels on growth characteristics and yield of onion (Allium c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Estonian Academic Agricultural Society
2021-06-01
|
| Series: | Agraarteadus |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://agrt.emu.ee/pdf/2021_1_gar.pdf
|
| _version_ | 1818848155527020544 |
|---|---|
| author | Laith Farhan Gar Basem Rahem Bader Jabbar Shihab Eyada Al-Esawi Mohammed Ali Abood Mohammed Obed Sallume Ghassan Jaafar Hamdi |
| author_facet | Laith Farhan Gar Basem Rahem Bader Jabbar Shihab Eyada Al-Esawi Mohammed Ali Abood Mohammed Obed Sallume Ghassan Jaafar Hamdi |
| author_sort | Laith Farhan Gar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Iron (Fe) is one of the major micronutrient crucial for plant growth, yield and quality. A field experiment was conducted in Fallujah, Iraq during the autumn season in 2019 to study the effects of foliar application of iron and irrigation levels on growth characteristics and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.). A two-factorial experiment arranged as a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in loamy sand soil. The two factors were water stress (50, 75, and 100% consumptive use of water) and iron concentrations (0, 100 and 200 mg L–1). The results show a significant decrease in plant height, number of bulbs, total chlorophyll content, dry mass, iron content in the leaves, the average weight of bulbs and total yield of bulbs by reducing irrigation levels from 100 to 50% of the water supply. Application of iron by foliar spraying significantly increased most of the aforementioned traits. The interactions between iron and irrigation levels were significant in most of the measured traits. The interaction between 100% water supply and 100 mg L–1 of iron achieved the highest total yield value (4 332 Mg ha–1) while the combination of 75% of water supply and 100 mg L–1 of iron gave the highest value of water use efficiency (84.7%). |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:12:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c3f672fedceb40a4980591c7dd479096 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1024-0845 2228-4893 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:12:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Estonian Academic Agricultural Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agraarteadus |
| spelling | doaj.art-c3f672fedceb40a4980591c7dd4790962022-12-21T20:32:58ZengEstonian Academic Agricultural SocietyAgraarteadus1024-08452228-48932021-06-01321354010.15159/jas.21.06Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditionsLaith Farhan Gar0Basem Rahem Bader1Jabbar Shihab Eyada Al-Esawi2Mohammed Ali Abood3Mohammed Obed Sallume4Ghassan Jaafar Hamdi5 Biotechnology and Environmental Center, University of Fallujah, Iraq Department of Soil Science and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Diyala, 32001, Baqubah, Iraq Upper Euphrates Basin Developing Center, University of Anbar, 31001, Anbar, Iraq Department of Soil Science and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Diyala, 32001, Baqubah, Iraq Department of Soil Science and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, 31001, Ramadi, Iraq Department of Horticulture and Gardening Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Diyala, 32001, Baqubah, Iraq. ghassanhamdi38@gmail.com Iron (Fe) is one of the major micronutrient crucial for plant growth, yield and quality. A field experiment was conducted in Fallujah, Iraq during the autumn season in 2019 to study the effects of foliar application of iron and irrigation levels on growth characteristics and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.). A two-factorial experiment arranged as a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in loamy sand soil. The two factors were water stress (50, 75, and 100% consumptive use of water) and iron concentrations (0, 100 and 200 mg L–1). The results show a significant decrease in plant height, number of bulbs, total chlorophyll content, dry mass, iron content in the leaves, the average weight of bulbs and total yield of bulbs by reducing irrigation levels from 100 to 50% of the water supply. Application of iron by foliar spraying significantly increased most of the aforementioned traits. The interactions between iron and irrigation levels were significant in most of the measured traits. The interaction between 100% water supply and 100 mg L–1 of iron achieved the highest total yield value (4 332 Mg ha–1) while the combination of 75% of water supply and 100 mg L–1 of iron gave the highest value of water use efficiency (84.7%). http://agrt.emu.ee/pdf/2021_1_gar.pdf ironwater stressbulbs onionmicronutrientsiron foliar spraying |
| spellingShingle | Laith Farhan Gar Basem Rahem Bader Jabbar Shihab Eyada Al-Esawi Mohammed Ali Abood Mohammed Obed Sallume Ghassan Jaafar Hamdi Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions Agraarteadus iron water stress bulbs onion micronutrients iron foliar spraying |
| title | Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions |
| title_full | Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions |
| title_fullStr | Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions |
| title_short | Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions |
| title_sort | response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions |
| topic | iron water stress bulbs onion micronutrients iron foliar spraying |
| url |
http://agrt.emu.ee/pdf/2021_1_gar.pdf
|
| work_keys_str_mv | AT laithfarhangar responseofoniongrowthandyieldgrowninsoilsofsemiaridregionstofoliarapplicationofironunderwaterstressconditions AT basemrahembader responseofoniongrowthandyieldgrowninsoilsofsemiaridregionstofoliarapplicationofironunderwaterstressconditions AT jabbarshihabeyadaalesawi responseofoniongrowthandyieldgrowninsoilsofsemiaridregionstofoliarapplicationofironunderwaterstressconditions AT mohammedaliabood responseofoniongrowthandyieldgrowninsoilsofsemiaridregionstofoliarapplicationofironunderwaterstressconditions AT mohammedobedsallume responseofoniongrowthandyieldgrowninsoilsofsemiaridregionstofoliarapplicationofironunderwaterstressconditions AT ghassanjaafarhamdi responseofoniongrowthandyieldgrowninsoilsofsemiaridregionstofoliarapplicationofironunderwaterstressconditions |